Forest timber production

The biomass in (for example) a forest can be harvested and the sequestered carbon can either be used for energy production (with rapid return of the carbon to the atmosphere) or it can be stored for longer periods in timber products. The example given in Figure 1.4 shows a forest that is clear-felled after 100 years of growth. 

Nepstad, D.C. and Schwartzman, S., Eds., Non-Timber Products from Tropical Forests, New York Botanical Garden Bronx, NY, 1992,164. 

Malaysia is blessed with a rich tropical rain forest, which is one of the most diverse and complex ecosystems in the world. The forest contributes to 95% of the land covers in Malaysia providing rich timber and other forest products. The coastal regions are generally covered with peat swamp (3.3%) and the ecologically sensitive mangroves (1.8%) (UNEP/ EAP-AP, 1999). In 2003, Malaysia exported 13.97 million m3 of timber and timber products (MTC, 2006). 

In later years as demand for timber products boomed with the population, the economic value of the virgin stands of deciduous and coniferous forests became the foundation of substantial fortunes. Commercial lumbering moved westward with the population until reaching the Pacific Coast with its tremendous stands of Douglas Fir, Redwood, and Pine. 

Management of our forests is now well appreciated by almost everyone. The need to maintain growing stands of timber for water management, erosion control, timber yield, recreation, as well as for timber products and grazing, is well recognized. 

Although large amounts of earbon are assumed to be allocated belowground to roots and assoeiated eetomyeorrhizal fungi, only a few studies have actually quantified sueh alloeation in the field (Table 5.1). All studies to date have been on eommon speeies used for timber production in the Pinaceae, with four of the six studies listed in Table 5.1 on Pinus species. None of the estimates in Table 5.1 are for eetomyeorrhizal forests dominated by deciduous trees. Clearly, future work should focus on obtaining a greater variety of field-based estimates. 

Silva, N. M, and Uhl, C. 1992. Forest management for timber production A sustainable use for the Brazilian Amazon. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 64 (suppl. 1) 89-95. 

Stone, R. N, Saeman, J. F., "World Demand and Supply of Timber Products to the Year 2000 Forest Products Journal, 1977, 7(10). 

Mandal AK and Chawan PH (2003) Investigations on inheritance of growth and wood properties and their interrelationships in teak. International conference on quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Kerala, India... 

About 740 million acres or 33 percent of the land area of the United States is classified as forest land. In order to be classified as forest, at least 10 percent of the land must be stocked with trees of any size. Also in this category are lands that formerly had tree cover but have not been developed for other purposes, as well as lands whose primary use is not timber production. Nearly two-thirds of this area, or 488 million acres, is classified as commercial forest land. Commercial forests are defined as forested land capable of producing at least 20 cubic feet of industrial wood per acre per year, and is not reserved for uses which are incompatible with timber production (6). Thus. National Parks, wilderness areas, and other special use areas are not included in this category. 

Table II. TIMBER PRODUCTION ON UNITED STATES COMMERCIAL FOREST LAND IN 1977 (6)...

Plant-derived agricultural products are very diverse. Timber products include those materials derived from the trees of renewable forests. Grain crops such as corn, rice, and wheat are grasses that produce edible seed. Cotton, flax, and hemp... 

Silviculturalists must educate the public about the many facets of silviculture to destroy the myth that it simply promotes timber production. In the future, silviculture will be useful to people for purposes such as reducing fire risks in areas where residential development coexists with forests and in abating specific types of insect pestilence. Silviculturalists can also manipulate the landscape to restore former plant communities or establish new plant materials that provide benefits such as habitats for endangered or threatened wildlife species. However, silviculturalists must work with members of other disciplines throughout the world, including economists and... 

According to the "Annual Timber Production" of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the forest areas of developed countries have remained nearly constant (slightly... 

Tree plantations are not a natural ecosystem and they are, therefore, also sometimes known as man-made forests or tree farms. Tree plantations generally utilize fast-growing trees either to replace already logged forest trees or to substitute their absence. The plantations include hybrid trees or genetically modified trees. They involve trees of industrial importance, for example, pine, spruces, and eucalyptus, because of their fast growth rate and good properties for paper and timber production. Eucalyptus plantations have been developed vastly for the last 30 years in subtropical and tropical zones [66-68]. 

FIG. F-22 AssiDoman s first delivery of FSC-labeled sawn timber products went to Engiand in November 1997. The FSC trademark indicates that the products come from weli-managed forests, independently certified in accordance with the rules of the Forest Stewardship Council (SGS-C-0081). (Source AssiDoman.)... 

The forest products industry encompasses a broad spectrum of operations which range from the raismg of trees, through cutting and removing the timber, to complete utilization of the wood residue (17). 

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