Forensic science, analysis

Lennard C J, Mazzella W D and Margot P A 1993 Some applications of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy DRIFTS in forensic science Analysis 21 M34-7... 

Forensic science laboratories are generally divided into separate specialty areas. These typically include forensic toxicology, soHd-dose dmg testing, forensic serology, trace evidence analysis, firearms and tool mark examination, questioned documents examination, and latent fingerprint examination. Laboratories principally employ chemists, biochemists, and biologists at various degree levels. In some specialty areas, eg, firearms examination, questioned... 

Whenever the appropriate specimens can be prepared, this mode is normally the one preferred for trace-element analysis in geoscience, air polludon and atmospheric science, biology, medicine, water analysis, and forensic science. In this case, the ions pass through the specimen with negligible energy loss and there is minimal absorption of X rays. 

Analysis of alkaloids, barbiturates, and other drugs and poisons in forensic science 97AC123R. 

LC-GC, therefore, shows promise for forensic science applications, reducing sample handling and preparation steps by essentially using an on-line LC column in place of one or more extraction steps. This is followed by a traditional high resolution GC analysis. The methods described here for pesticides and hormones could be readily adapted to a variety of analyses, especially those involving fatty matrices. Such as tissues, food or blood. 

Institute of Chemical Analysis, Applications and Forensic Science, Northeastern University, Boston, Mass. 02115... 

Applications The main application fields of PIXE are earth science, air pollution studies (aerosol analysis), mineralogical studies, forensic science, arts and archaeology. In the external-beam PIXE technique, the proton beam is taken out to ambient air. This mode finds application in the analysis of art objects (paintings, books, etc.). 

Dr. Karch is forensic science editor for Humana Press, and he serves on the editorial boards of the Journal of Cardiovascular Toxicology, the Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine (London), Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, and Clarke s Analysis of Drugs and Poisons. 

Levin, B.C. Rechani, P.R. Gurman, J.L. Landron, F. Clark, H.M. Yoklavich, M.F. Rodriguez, J.R. Droz, L. Mattos de Cabrera, F. Kaye, S. Analysis of Carboxyhemoglobin and Cyanide in Blood from Victims of the Dupont Plaza Hotel Fire in Puerto Rico, J. Forensic Sciences (In press, January, 1990). 

Study of chemical pathways in method development. Isotope dilution methods. Radioimmunoassay very important in biochemistry and medicine. Neutron activation analysis used for trace elements in geo-chemistry, semiconductor technology, pollution studies and forensic science. Relative precision of counting 1% if 104 counts are recorded. Assessment of pollution by radionuclides. 

Neutron activation analysis is an attractive method in many trace element problems, or where the total amount of sample is limited. Many geochemical studies of trace constituents and semi-conductor developments have used the technique, whilst in recent years pollution investigations have provided a new focus. In forensic science small flakes of paint, single hairs and a variety of other small samples have been analysed and identified by activation analysis. In recent years activation analysis has lost further ground to ICP-MS which provides more comprehensive information and is more readily operated. Sensitivity is also comparable in many cases. 

The last few years have shown increasing applications of TOF-SIMS in forensic science. Preliminary studies in the visualization and analysis of fingerprints indicate that the TOF-SIMS method opens new perspectives for the examination of fingermarks, especially in the imaging of fingermarks in various ions. 

Baez, H., Castro, M.M., Benaventeb, M.A., Kintze, P., Cirimelee, V., Camargo, C. and Thomas, C. (2000). Drugs in prehistory chemical analysis of ancient human hair. Forensic Science International 108 173-179. 

Waite, E.R., Collins, M.J., Ritz-Timme, S., Schutz, H.W., Cattaneo, C. and Borrman, H.I.M. (1999). A review of the methodological aspects of aspartic acid racemization analysis for use in forensic science. Forensic Science International 103 113-124. 

Melucci D. Monti D. D Elia M. Luciano G. Rapid in-situ repeatable analysis of drugs in powder form using reflectance Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and multivariate calibration. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2012, 57, 86-92. 

Routine analysis of common designer drugs in human biological fluids (e.g., plasma, urine) is a major concern in doping control, surveillance of drug substitution, clinical toxicology, as well as forensic science.Method sensitivity is often an issue since many drugs... 

Provided a sample of DNA can be obtained, a restriction analysis can be carried ont. A match between the restriction fragments from a sample of DNA left at the scene of a crime and that of a snspect is a valnable tool in forensic science. The usefulness of this techniqne is increased enormously by combining it with the polymerase chain reaction, since the amount of DNA extracted from a very small amount of tissue can be increased enormonsly, providing enough for a restriction analysis. Tissne samples as small as a single cell, a hair, a drop of sahva, a piece of dandruff or a smear of semen are snfflcient to prodnce enough DNA. It has produced a revolution in forensic science. However, caution must be applied to interpretation of the results for... 

Tracqui A, Kintz P, Mangin P. Systematic toxicological analysis using HPLC/Dad. Journal of Forensic Sciences 40, 254-262, 1995. 

The first section of the book explores emerging novel aspects of HPLC and related separation methods based on the differential velocity of analytes in a liquid medium under the action of either an electric field (capillary electromigration techniques) or a gravitational field (field-flow fractionation). The section focusing on applications highlights four significant areas in which HPLC is successfully employed chiral pharmaceutical, environmental analysis, food analysis, and forensic science. 

INSIDE FORENSIC SCIENCE Forensic Anthropology Forensic DNA Analysis Forensic Medicine Forensic Pharmacology Legal Aspects of Forensics The Forensic Aspects of Poisons... 

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