Flammable liquid, dispensing

Consider again the flammable liquid dispensing room of Example 9-7. In this case the walls have been reinforced to withstand a pressure of 0.4 bar (Pred). Assume that the vent will operate at 0.2 bar (Pstat) and that the KG of the vapor is 100 bar-m/s. Estimate the vent area required to protect this enclosure. 

Flammability of Liquids, No. 340, Underwriters Laboratories Northbrook, 111., 1972 Flame Arresters, No. 525, 1973 Flammable Liquid Dispensing, No. 1238,1975 Group Classification of Flammable Liquids and Gases, Test Report MH8593, 67C2889,1967. 

For flammable liquid dispensing, will grounding, bonding, and ventilation be adequate ... 

Are fire lanes established and maintained Are flammable liquid dispensing systems bonded ... 

A room is used for dispensing flammable liquids. The liquids are expected to have fundamental burning velocities less than 1.3 times that of propane. The room is 9 m long by 6 m wide by 6 m in height. Three of the walls are shared with an adjoining structure. The fourth and larger wall of the room is on the outer surface of the structure. The three inside walls are capable of withstanding a pressure of 0.05 bar. Estimate the vent area required for this operation. 

UL 2244, Standard for Aboveground Flammable Liquid Tank Systems, covers factory-fabricated, preengineered aboveground atmospheric tank systems intended for dispensing flammable or combustible liquids, sucn as gasoline or diesel fuel, into motor vehicles, generators, or aircraft. 

Specific codes or regulations for vehicular storage and dispensing systems for alcohol fuels do not exist. Alcohols are flammable liquids which are covered in NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code [5.2], Gasoline is included under NFPA 30 as a Class IA flammable liquid, while diesel fuel is included as a combustible liquid. When alcohols are used as fuel for vehicles, they almost always have some gasoline or high vapor pressure hydrocarbons in them which... 

In a liquid storage area specifically designed and protected for dispensing Class I flammable liquids that meet the requirements of NFPA 30. 

NFPA 45,12.1.1 4.3.5.5 Transfer of Class I liquids from containers of 19L (5 gal.) or more capacity shall be carried out as follows In a separate building OR In a liquid storage area specifically designed for dispensing Class I flammable liquids that meet the requirements of NFPA 30. 

NFPA 30,4.4.5.1 4.4.26 Dispensing of flammable liquids or dispensing of combustible liquids at temperatures at or above their flash points shall not be permitted in cutoff rooms or attached buildings that exceed 1000 ft (93m ) in floor area or in liquid warehouses unless the dispensing area is suitably cut off from the storage areas in aeeordance with NFPA 30. 

Bonding— The interconnection of two objects such as a tank or cylinder with clamps and wire as a safety practice to equalize the electrical potential between the objects and help prevent static sparks that could ignite flammable materials, dispensing/receiving a flammable liquid that requires dissipating the static charge by bonding between containers. 

Cover the t5q)es of storage containers that employees will encounter on your jobsite. Demonstrate how to safely dispense flammable liquids from the containers. Discuss how to store flammable liquids in storage cabinets and where these cabinets are located. 

Drums Store flammable liquids in closed containers or dmms. Dispense flammable liquids from drums by gravity or suction pump, not by pressurizing the dmm. Valves for gravity dispensing must have recognized testing laboratory approval and close automatically. There must be drip containers to catch leaking fluids. 

The layout in pharmacies should provide easy cleaning, sufficient lighting, separated product flows and dedicated areas (products to be dispensed, products to be delivered, products to be returned, products suspected of falsification and damaged products). Also dedicated areas for hazardous products such as medicinal gases, combustibles, flammable liquids and solids. The storage of hazardous products above a certain limit have specific requirements for the premises e.g. Facilities with blow off roofs. 

Class I liquids are not to be dispensed into containers unless the nozzle and container are electrically interconnected. All bulk drums of flammable liquids are to be grounded and bonded to containers during dispensing. 

I or 3 flammable liquids are dispensed within the room. Where gravity ventilation is provided, the fresh air intake, as well as the exhausting outlet from the room, shall be on the exterior of the building in which the room is located. 

I or service areas, where Category 1, 2, or 3 flammable liquids are dispensed, shall be of an approved type for garages, and shall be installed at least 8 feet above the floor. 

Dispenser for Category 1 or 2 flammable liquids, or 2 Within 3 feet (0.912 m) of any fill or dispensing point, extend-... 

Definition as used in this section Marine service station shall mean that portion of a I property where flammable liquids used as fuels are stored and dispensed from fixed equipment on shore, piers, wharves, or floating docks into the fuel tanks or self-propelled craft, and shall include all facilities used in connection therewith. 

Open flames and smoking are prohibited in all areas where flammable liquids or gases are stored or dispensed. Such areas must have appropriate warning signs displayed and these must be strictly observed. 

What is the requirement to bond containers when dispensing flammable liquids ... 

At 1910.106(e)(6)(ii), OSHA says only that Class I liquids shall not be dispensed into containers unless the nozzle and container are electrically interconnected. As such, flammable liquid storage cabinets do not need to be grounded under the OSHA standard. However, published materials from OSHA s Hazardous Materials course (Course 201), indicate that the requirement to ground flammable storage cabinets is found in NFPA77, Recommended Practice on Static Electricity. If NFPA77 has been adopted as by an employer s state or local fire code, then compliance with this grounding requirement would be necessary. 

Another mechanism for flammable atmospheres to be ignited is by electrostatic discharge. It is not uncommon for highly flammable liquids, such as Toluene, to be dispensed into metal drums as part of a batch production cycle in, for example, the chemical and printing industries. If suitable precautions are not taken, it is possible for significant electrostatic potentials to... 

Delivery. A room of similar construction to the storage room should be set up for distribution of flammable and eombustible liquids. Dispensing should not be directly from the storage area. 

Proprietary safety containers (such as dash pots used in the printing industry) should be fitted with self-closing lids for flammable liquids Flammable liquids should not be dispensed or decanted within a store or adjacent to a store. Arrangements for such operations should include the provision of ventilation and extraction systems The storage facility should be located away from ignition sources... 

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