Section 5.14 Filter

Transducers twelve 375 kHz resonant transducers have been used, with a 350 kHz cutoff frequency high pass filter section and a 40 dB preamplifier. 

The BHS-Fest Filter. A different approach to the use of a dmm for pressure filtration is made in the BHS-Fest filter (Fig. 24). This permits a separate treatment of each filter section, in which the pressure may vary from vacuum to a positive pressure pressure regulation is much less difficult than in the conventional enclosed dmm-type pressure filter. 

Designing the output-filter section (refer to Section 3.6)... 

The differential-mode filter should have a lower damping factor than the common-mode because the combined damping response of the entire filter section would be too sluggish if higher damping factors were used. A damping factor of a minimum of 0.5 is acceptable. 

Filter section of an AHU The section of an air-handling unit that contains a filter. 

Filtration Technique. A measured quantity of sample water is filtered through the membrane filter. The filter is dried, cut and sections placed on microscope slides. The filter sections are rendered transparent by a drop of immersion oil. The slides are examined to identify the microorganisms listed below ... 

In a simple flame (emission) photometer an interference filter (Section 17.7) can be used. In more sophisticated flame emission spectrophotometers which require better isolation of the emitted frequency, a prism or a grating monochromator is employed. 

The bottom of the unit is composed of multiple sections of sand filter [11] and clearwell [12], The clarified flotation effluent passes through the sand filter downward and enters the clearwell through the circular hole underneath each sand filter section the filter effluent then enters the center portion of the clearwell where there is an outlet for the effluent.13... 

Durham, NC). Under these conditions the temperature of the air stream midway through Section B was 50 C and had dropped to 30°C upon reaching the filter (Section C). Aliquots of the air stream were withdrawn through the septum in Section B and analyzed by glc/ecd in order to determine the air stream concentration. After termination of air flow, the filter, glass wool plug and sorbent, if any, were extracted with acetone and the extracts analyzed by glc/ecd. The apparatus from the injection port to the filters was rinsed with acetone and analyzed to determine the TRIS which was surface absorbed. 

FIGURE 4.8. Schematic representation of the tetrarosette assembly. (A) Unfiltered high resolution tapping mode AFM phase image of the nanorod domain stmcture (inset) fast Fourier transform. (B) Fourier filtered section of raw data shown in A and unit cell of the lattice stmcture. (Reproduced with permission from Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002, 99, 5024-5027. Copyright 2002 National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.). 

The most common applications of methods for handling sequential series in chemistry arise in chromatography and spectroscopy and will be emphasized in this chapter. An important aim is to smooth a chromatogram. A number of methods have been developed here such as the Savitsky-Golay filter (Section 3.3.1.2). A problem is that if a chromatogram is smoothed too much the peaks become blurred and lose resolution, negating the benefits, so optimal filters have been developed that remove noise without broadening peaks excessively. 

Place the filter (glass or quartz fiber) or filter section in a clean 250 ml... 

Typically, colloidal suspensions are deposited on polycarbonate filters immediately following sampling to reduce post-collection precipitation or aggregation artifacts and mimic the operational procedures used to define dissolved and particulate sample components. Obviously, a well-dispersed dilute sample should be used to avoid artifactual particle overlap. Filter sections are then mounted on SEM stubs and carbon or metal coated (Au/Pd) for compositional analysis and micrographic imaging, respectively. The tedious nature of operator controlled analysis of particulate samples in the SEM and the TEM has often precluded the acquisition of statistically valid information regarding suspension composition. 

A popular variant of the rotating drum vacuum filter has been widely applied especially for the palm oil industry. The Florentine vacuum filter uses a horizontal stainless steel perforated belt with vacuum applied under the belt. This design includes a recycle from the first filter section, which is said to allow the first layer of stearine to act as a continuous precoat (25). 

The thermal stresses were computed by the finite element code ANSYS [29], taking full advantage of the axial symmetry of the filter see Fig. 16. Both the temperature-dependent physical properties of the EX-54 filter (Section V) and the time-dependent thermocouple data were used as inputs to stress analysis. The maximum stresses in the axial and tangential directions at the midsection are summarized in Table 14. It should be noted in Table 14 that the radial temperature gradient is the major contributor to thermal stresses those due to axial gradient are less than 20%. 

The single grating instrument depicted in Figure 8.3 is very common in optical spectroscopy (1), but its application to Raman is relatively recent because of inadequate stray light rejection. The introduction of effective laser rejection filters (Section 8.2.5) removed this limitation and single spectrographs became attractive. They are simpler and more efficient than double or triple systems and usually much more compact. Variations of the classical Czerny-Turner... 

Figure 4.26 shows an agglomerating fluidized-bed gasifier developed by KRW. In the KRW process, limestone can be injected with the coal for sulfur capture. The KRW process is employed in a 100 MW IGCC Pinon Pine Plant near Reno, NV. Due to some difficulties in the hot gas filtering section, the plant could not be started up successfully.1... 

The fluidized-bed section of the calciner contained the air distributor plate, the bed drainage outlet, the feed nozzle, the product overflow line, and the bed charging line. An expanded filter section containing porous stainless steel filters and the off-gas vent line was located directly above the fluidized-bed section. 

Description of Equipment The major equipment pieces in the fluorination pilot plant were the fluorinator, the UO feeder, the NaF traps and the activated alumina traps. The fluorination vessel was constructed of Monel and consisted of a fluidized-bed and an expanded filter section. The expanded filter section was... 

After RNA digestion, it is necessary to digest the RNases by adding SDS to 0.5% and 100 p,g of proteinase K, incubate for 15 min at 37°C and extract with phenol/chloroform. Alternatively, RNases or proteinase K can be captured by StrataClean (after 2.5-fold dilution in water) or the ds RNA passed through an Immobilon filter (Section 3.1.2.7). The last method has the added benefit that ss probe RNA is also removed. RNA is then precipitated by adding 1 ml of ethanol as described in Table 3.1. 

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