Film Lamination

This method provides coated fabrics with good flexibility since the polyurethane does not penetrate between the weave of the fabric. The films may be made by extrusion or calendering and a variety of methods are available for bonding the film to the fabric. Solvent and latex adhesives may be used in conjunction with oven or drum laminators and the composites can be embossed and printed. 

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First planar integrated circuits fabricated r Electron beam lithography demonstrated Dry film laminate resist introduced... 

Adhesives. Acryhc emulsion and solution polymers form the basis of a variety of adhesive types. The principal use is in pressure-sensitive adhesives, where a film of a very low T (<—20 " C) acrylic polymer or copolymer is used on the adherent side of tapes, decals, and labels. Acrylics provide a good balance of tack and bond strength with exceptional color stabiUty and resistance to aging (201,202). AcryUcs also find use in numerous types of constmction adhesive formulations and as film-to-film laminating adhesives (qv). 

Packaging (qv) represents the largest market area for film and sheeting materials (15). It is a complex market with so many categories that it is difficult to get an accurate measure of end usage for specific materials (16). The stmcture of the marketplace which uses both monolayers of film, as well as converted composite stmctures and laminates, adds to the complexity. The ultimate user or packager may purchase raw film direcdy from a manufacturer, or use the same film laminated to one or more other films or substrates through a converter. The converter may buy film or extmde his own supply. Resin sales to film producers do not always correlate with their film sales, because of scrap and yield losses. 

Lamination Inks. This class of ink is a specialized group. In addition to conforming to the constraints described for flexo and gravure inks, these inks must not interfere with the bond formed when two or more films, eg, polypropylene and polyethylene, are joined with the use of an adhesive in order to obtain a stmcture that provides resistance properties not found in a single film. Laminations are commonly used for food applications such as candy and food wrappers. Resins used to make this type of ink caimot, therefore, exhibit any tendency to retain solvent vapor after the print has dried. Residual solvent would contaminate the packaged product making the product unsalable. 

Films stretch film, laminated film, shrinkable film... 

Linear polyesters Polyesters may be obtained in a wide variety of forms including rubbers, fibres, films, laminating resins, surface coatings and thermoplastic moulding powders. The last named are somewhat similar to the nylons but are more rigid. Chemical applications, would appear to be limited because of their sensitivity to alkaline solutions and hot water. 

Moisture permeability (MVTR) of packaging films or film laminations is generally determined either by weighing the water passing... 

Lower-density E-plastomers have found alternate use in cast film processes to make elastic film laminates with good breathability which contain laminates of liquid impermeable extensible polymeric films with extensible-thermoplastic-polymer-fiber nonwovens and nonwoven webs of polyethylene-elastomer fibers as the intermediate layers. The development relates to a breathable film including an E-plastomer and filler that contributes to pore formation after fabrication and distension of the film. The method and extent of distension is designed to produce a breathable film by stretching the film to form micropores by separation of the film of the E-plastomer from the particulate solids. This film is useful for manufacture of absorbent personal-care articles, such as disposable diapers and sanitary napkins and medical garments. In detail, these constructions comprise a liquid impermeable extensible film comprising polyolefins. The outer layer contains extensible-thermoplastic-polymer-fiber nonwovens, and an elastic intermediate layer contains nonwoven webs of fiber E-plastomers. The intermediate layer is bonded to the film layer and the outer... 

A dispensing bag from a customer s competitor was submitted for a partial deformulation of the film laminate layer structure since this bag was performing in a superior manner to the customer s own product. The goal of the work was to... 

Table 2 Influence of the temperature on the cationic photopolymerization of the divinyl ether of triethyleneglycol (DVE-3) (1 = 5 mW cm-2). Film laminated between 2 KBr crystals ...

Moulded-in-colour film laminate technology for bumper fascias. 

Films, laminated protective surfaces on ABS, PVC or other plastic sheets that are ther-moformed into parts requiring resistance to outdoor weathering motorcycle shrouds, recreational vehicle panels. .. 

Copolymers of ethylene with up to 15-20% acrylic or methacrylic acid offer improved adhesion, abrasion resistance, toughness, and low-temperature flexibility compared to EVA. Applications include extrusion coatings on aluminum foil for pouches, wire and cable, packaging film, laminations with metal and glass fibers (building and automotive products) and polyurethane (carpet backing). 

Subramaniam, 1988]. Hydrochlorination, usually carried out at about 10°C, proceeds by electrophilic addition to give the Markownikoff product with chlorine on the tertiary carbon (Eq. 9-33) [Golub and Heller, 1964 Tran and Prud homme, 1977]. Some cyclization of the intermediate carbocation (XXVI) also takes place (Sec. 9-7). The product, referred to as rubber hydrochloride, has low permeability to water vapor and is resistant to many aqueous solutions (hut not bases or oxidizing acids). Applications include packaging film laminates with metal foils, paper, and cellulose films, although it has been largely replaced by cheaper packaging materials such as polyethylene. 

Copolymers of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate and terpolymers of acrylonitrile, styrene, and methyl methacrylate are used as bamer polymers. Acrylonitrile copolymers and multipolymers containing butyl acrylate, ethyl aciylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl methaciylate. vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers, and vinylidene chlonde are also used in bamer films, laminates, and coatings. Environmentally degradable polymers useful in packaging are prepared from polymerization of acrylonitrile with styrene and methyl vinyl ketone. 

The coated product (the cast-film laminate) is treated as an intermediate. In reality, significant efforts should be expended during the product s develop-... 

R.H. Forester and P.S. Francis, Method of Producing an Ultrathin Polymer Film Laminate, US Patent 3,551,244 (December, 1970). 

Toner particles printed on a transparency (PET) film by a laser printer was used to fabricate a microfluidic device. It was then laminated with a blank transparency film to form a closed device [238,239]. The complete process is shown in Figure 2.25. The PET film is 100 pm thick and has optical transparency above 80% in the range 400-800 pm The toner layer is 6 pm deep. Approximately twice this depth can be obtained by laminating two printed films. Lamination... 

Kanakarajan K, Freuz JA. Flexible multilayer polyimide film laminates and their preparation. Eur Pat Appl EP 474054 A2 920311 21 pp... 

The advancement of low viscosity, radiation curable systems in the last two years has for the first time made gravure application of these systems a reality. Since many Industrial web processes (coating paper or film, laminating, metal coating, etc.) already employ gravure equipment, the availability of these new systems (1) has had major impact on the interest in electroncuring technology. 

Extruded Plastic Sheet Rollstock Film Laminates Specialty Plastic Alloys Acrylic Products Color Concentrates Custom Packaging... 

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