Ferric sulfate, preparation

A more recent process, the P2 etch [60], which uses ferric sulfate as an oxidizer in place of sodium dichromate avoids the use of toxic chromates, but still provides a similar oxide surface morphology (Fig. 15) allowing a mechanically interlocked interface and strong bonding [9]. The P2 treatment has wide process parameter windows over a broad range of time-temperature-solution concentration conditions and mechanical testing confirms that P2-prepared surfaces are, at a minimum, equivalent to FPL-prepared specimens and only slightly inferior to PAA-prepared surfaces [61]. 

Other Methods of Preparation.—Ethyl 2-(D-ara6i no-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-methyl-4-furoate has been prepared by heating D-glucose plus ethyl acetoacetate in aqueous alcohol without a catalyst,1 or from the same reagents (1 g. and 0.5 ml., respectively) in 0.5 ml. of 96% ethanol plus 1.5 ml. of water at room temperature in the presence of ferric chloride, zinc chloride (with small quantities of hydrochloric acid or of sodium hydroxide), cupric chloride, ferric sulfate, zinc sulfate, aluminum chloride, nickel chloride, or cobalt nitrate.18... 

Ferric ammonium sulfate is prepared by mixing an equimolar solution of ferric sulfate, Fe2(S04)3, and ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2S04. Hydrated crystals are obtained following evaporation and cooling of the solution. 

The Preparation of Alums.—Since aluminum sulfate is a commercial chemical, the aluminum alums can be prepared by crystallizing the salt along with the double molecular weight of an alkali sulfate. Chromium and ferric sulfates are not well crystallized and have limited uses, so that they are not readily obtained. The preparation of their alums involves the preliminary preparation of the sulfates themselves. 

Twenty-five grams of ferric sulfate, 50 g. of barium oxalate (which may be prepared from 50 g. of BaCl2 2H20 and 29.3 g. of Na2C204), and 27.3 g. of potassium oxalate monohydrate are placed in 600 ml. of water and digested for several hours on the steam bath. After filtering with suction and washing the precipitate, the filtrate is evapo-... 

Ferric sulfate, Fe2(S04)3, either as such [914] or prepared in situ from ferric oxide and sulfuric acid [915], is used for similar intra- and inter-molecular dehydrogenations. 

Oxidants especially suitable for the preparation of quinones are salts of trivalent iron. Bromo-m-xyloquinone (2-bromo-3,5-dimethyl-p-benzo-quinone) is obtained in 84% yield by steam distillation of 2-bromo-3,5-dimethylhydroquinone with ferric sulfate and dilute hydrochloric acid [914], The treatment of 2-mercaptohydroquinone with 2 N ferric chloride in ethanol at room temperature gives a quantitative yield of p-benzoqui-none disulfide [907]. Just shaking halogenated hydroquinones with an... 

Electrolytic oxidation of anthracene in 20 per cent sulfuric acid solution with 1 per cent of vanadium pentoxide present is carried out at 80° C. with lead electrodes and a current density of 300 amperes per square meter at 1.6 volts. Good yields have been claimed 10 for this process. Air under pressure has been used for the oxidation of anthracene in the form of dispersions in aqueous ferric sulfate solutions,20 or as a solution iu pyridine or dispersion in aqueous alkaline solutions preferably in the presence of catalysts 21 of copper, cobalt, nickel or lead compounds. Vanadium compounds have been found more active than chromium compounds for use as oxidation catalysts in the form of suspensions in the liquid phase, as in the preparation of aniline black.22 Anthracene suspended in water or dilute sulfuric arid or dissolved in a solvent as acetone is oxidized with ozone, or ozonized oxygen at ordinary temperatures.28... 

Hydrolysis of Fe SO-i) Solutions. Run 8 involved the hydrolysis with 0.1M NaOH of a solution initially 10 2M in total iron. The solution was prepared with reagent-grade ferric sulfate which contained about 1% of ferrous iron. The base was added periodically during four hours of the run so that the final solution contained about 100 ppm of dissolved total iron species. During the run, over 90% of raFe (III) was present as the FeS04+ complex. Eh and pH changes during the run and subse-... 

Ferrous sulfate (20% elemental iron) and ferrous gluconate (11.6% elemental iron) are used in iron deficiency anemia. Extensive numbers of oral preparations are available for the treatment of iron deficiency. In general, the ferrous salts (ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, and ferrous fumerate) are better absorbed than the ferric salts (ferric sulfate). Eerrous calcium citrate is mostly used in patients during pregnancy to provide iron as well as calcium. The parenteral... 

Analytical Characters.—(1.) With silver nitrate a dense, white-ppt. which is not dissolved on addition of HNOs to the liquid, but dissolves when separated and heated with concentrated. HNOs soluble in solutions of alkaline cyanids or hyposul-fites. (2.) Treated with NH4HS, evaporated to dryness, and. ferric chlorid added to the residue a blood-red color. (3.) With potash and then a mixture of ferrous and ferric sulfates a greenish ppt., which is partly dissolved with a deep blue color by HCl. (4.) Heated with a dilute solution of picric acid and then cooled a deep red color. (5.) Moisten a piece of filter paper with a freshly prepared alcoholic solution of guaiac dip the paper into a very dilute solution of CuSOi, and, after drying, into the liquid to be tested. In the presence of HCN it assumes a deep blue color. 

This reaction has been optimized by the application of an active and reliable catalyst prepared by double decomposition of ferric sulfate with barium acetate. ... 

Chemicals used in the quality control analyses in the shieided glove box (SGB) and ventilation hoods of the Quality Control Laboratory involve small (less than a liter) quantities of some acidic and basic chemicals, including ammonium thiocyanate, stannous chloride, sulfuric, nitric, and hydrochloric acids, ferric sulfate, carrier solutions, ethyl acetate, sodium nitrite, chloroform, sodium hydroxide, and potassium iodide. Material Safety Data Sheets for any processes implemented in the HCF are reviewed in accordance with the SNL ES H Manual to identify any carcinogens or other hazardous materials. Operations in the SGB for preparation of various Mo-99 product dilution samples would require a small bulk supply of sodium hydroxide (0.1 N NaOH). Quality control analysis sample preparation operations require small bulk supplies of the above chemicals. Workers performing quaiify control analysis use chemical handling procedures as required by the Sandia ES H Manual. 

Azides soluble in methanol can be prepared by shaking the dry metal salt in absolute methanol with sodium azide (e.g., ferric azide from ferric sulfate) [115]. 

Sample Blank—Take a 100-mL portion of the CdCL washed and filtered benzene sample (prepared in accordance with the procedure in 11.1). Transfer to a 250-mL separatory funnel. Add 10 mL of ferric sulfate-sulfuric acid solution, stopper, and shake for 2 min 15 s. Allow the two phases to separate and draw off the lower H2SO4 layer into a 50-mL volumetric flask. Add 10 mL of H2SO4 to the separatory funnel and shake for 30 5 s. Again draw off the lower H2SO4 layer into the 50-mL volumetric flask containing the first extract. Dilute to volume and mix. Repeat with each specimen. 

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