Fatalities accidental

Mushrooms are spore-forming bodies of filamentous terrestrial fungi, some of which are considered to be food delicacies, whereas others, such as Amanita phalloides, Amanita virosa, and Gyromita esculenta, are very toxic, with reported worldwide deaths of the order of 100 per year.10 In extreme cases, one bite of one poisonous mushroom can be fatal. Accidental mushroom poisonings are often caused by the death s head mushroom, because it is easily mistaken for edible varieties. 

Fatal accidental overdose has been reported in a child (71). 

Dickens, P., Tai, Y., But, P., Tomlinson, B., Ng, H., and Yan, K. 1994. Fatal accidental aconitine poisoning following ingestion of Chinese herbal medicine A report of two cases. Forens. Sci. Inti. 

There are a lot of examples of fatal accidental massive poisonings, such as the Bhopal catastrophe caused by a leak of 4,000 tons of methylisocyanate, used in manufacturing of the insecticide carbaryl, from the Union Carbide facility in... 

ABSTRACT Usually risk is measured using approaches that measure only one dimension, which consider several accidental scenarios and their consequences in the dimension considered, for example a human dimension that can be measured by a Fatal Accidental Rate (FAR) or fN curves. This article presents an application of risk analysis using multi criteria decision analysis to consider more that one risk dimension. This methodology was applied to a pipeline system for the distribution of gas in the Brazilian state of Sergipe, Northeast Brazil. 

Mercuric azide was one of the first metallic azides studied because of its similarity with mercury fulminate. Unexpected and unfortunately fatal accidental explosions occurred during testing of this substance because of the contamination of mercuric azide with mercurous azide (highly sensitive substance). Because of these accidents, further examinations of salts of azoimide were stopped for several years [3]. 

Effects of Low Oxygen Levels There are many factors which can affect the abihty of human beings to adjust to lower oxygen levels. For example, two men were accidentally exposed to a low oxygen level in a vessel. One of them died, and one survived without permanent injuiy. The one who died had been in poorer general health and it is believed that this fac tor may have made the low oxygen level fatal for him, while the other person, who was in good health, survived. 

In conclusion, it can be stated that alcohol sulfates and alcohol ether sulfates are absolutely safe. Even in the event of accidental ingestion in relatively large amounts they do not cause fatal consequences. 

Available records Indicate that worldwide each year, there are about 1,000,000 accidental human poisonings and about 20,000 human deaths (50). In the U.S. there are 20,000 reported human pesticide poisonings and about 35 reported fatalities each year (Blondell,... 

These process safety management systems help ensure that facilities are designed, constructed, operated, and maintained with appropriate controls in place to prevent serious accidents. However, despite these precautions, buildings close to hazardous process plants have presented serious risks to the people who work in them. This observation is prompted by the fact that some buildings, because of their design and construction, have collapsed when subjected to comparatively moderate accidental explosions, with serious injury or fatality to the occupants. Conversely, experience indicates that personnel located outdoors and away from such buildings, if subjected to the same blast, may have a lower likelihood of serious injury or fatality. 

OderdaGM. 1975. Fatality produced by accidental inhalation of drain cleaner fumes. Clin Toxicol... 

Accidental slow addition of water to a mixture of the anhydride and acetic acid (85 15) led to a violent, large scale explosion. This was simulated closely in the laboratory, again in the absence of mineral-acid catalyst [1]. If unmoderated, the rate of acid-catalysed hydrolysis of (water insoluble) acetic anhydride can accelerate to explosive boiling [2], Essentially the same accident, fortunately with no injuries or fatalities this time, was repeated in 1990. 

Sas, B. 1987. Accidental molybdenum contamination induced fatal secondary copper deficiency in cattle. Acta Vet. Hung. 35 281-289. 

A massive explosion in Pasadena, Texas, on October 23,1989, resulted in 23 fatalities, 314 injuries, and capital losses of over 715 million. This explosion occurred in a high-density polyethylene plant after the accidental release of 85,000 pounds of a flammable mixture containing ethylene, isobutane, hexane, and hydrogen. The release formed a large gas cloud instantaneously because the system was under high pressure and temperature. The cloud was ignited about 2 minutes after the release by an unidentified ignition source. 

An analysis of 19 deaths from PCP overdose that occurred in two California counties from 1970 to 1976 showed that 12 were accidental, five suicidal, and two homicidal. Eight of the 12 accidental deaths were from drowning. Blood concentrations ranged from 1,250 to 2,300 ng/ml. Virtually all patients with levels of 1,000 ng/ml or more had coma, with the possible evolution of death due to medical complications, seizures, or respiratory depression. Levels greater than 2,000 ng/ml were almost always fatal (12). 

Although a great many deaths have occurred from accidental, intentional, or occupational exposures to HCN, in only a few cases are specific exposure concentrations known. In a review of human fatalities (ATSDR 1997), it was stated that exposure to airborne concentrations of HCN at 180 to 270 ppm were fatal, usually within several minutes, and a concentration of 135 ppm was fatal after 30 min. The average fatal concentration for humans was estimated at 546 ppm for 10 min. The latter data point is based on the work of McNamara (1976), who considered the resistance of man to HCN to be similar to that of the goat and monkey and four times that of the mouse. Fatal levels of HCN cause a brief period of central nervous system stimulation followed by depression, convulsions, coma with abolished deep reflexes and dilated pupils, and death. Several review sources, such as Dudley et al. (1942),... 

An average fatal dose of 1.52 mg/kg cyanide for humans has been calculated from case report studies of intentional or accidental poisonings (EPA 1987a). The lowest fatal oral dose reported in humans is 0.56 mg/kg cyanide (Gettler and Baine 1938). 

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