Explosives waste

HS(Gj36 Disposal of explosives waste and the decontamination of explosives plant... 

Applicability/Limitations The process is nonspecific. Solids must be in solution. Reactions can be explosive. Waste composition must be well known to prevent the inadvertent production of a more toxic or more hazardous end product. Oxidation processes are applicable for the following classes of organic contaminants ... 

Applicability/Limitations Most t qjes of solid, liquid, and gaseous organic waste or a mixture of these wastes can be treated with this technology. Explosive wastes and wastes with high inorganic salt content and/or heavy metals require special evaluation. This operation can create high particulate emissions which require post-combustion control. 

DOE, Ordnance and Explosive Waste Records Search Report, DOE/RL-94-07, Rev. 0, U.S. Department of Energy, Richland, WA, 1995. 

Sensor Technology Assessment for Ordnance and Explosive Waste Detection and Location, JPL D-11367, rev B, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, March 1995. 

Slurry-phase biodegradation or other methods are used, depending on the nature of the contamination. For slurry-phase treatment, the company offers a mobile biotechnical processing unit that the vendor claims is capable of degrading explosives and explosive wastes in soil or water or as pure compounds. 

Strong oxidants such as ammonium perchlorate or other highly reactive species such as hydrides should be limited or excluded from the ChemChar process to prevent a runaway reaction or explosion. Wastes can be pretreated to remove such compounds prior to treatment with ChemChar. 

The explosive waste generated during any operation should be collected and maintained separately from conventional waste. Properly labeled scrap containers should be readily available for each class of explosives. Mixing of incompatible explosive wastes should be avoided. Waste collection is normally accomplished by collecting the dust or fibers in a wet/dry vacuum system or by collecting the solid waste in clearly labeled receptacles. 

The disposal of explosives in huge quantities should be avoided as far as possible. No explosive waste should be discharged into the sewer or buried. The details of waste disposal are described meticulously in USA, DoE Manual [34]. All agencies dealing with explosives should have an approved procedure for disposal of explosive wastes or damaged or rejected explosive articles at regular intervals. 

Explosive waste gets accumulated as its disposal is not done on day-to-day basis. 

Dispose of explosive waste with a calm and relaxed mind without any hurry. 

This book outlines the basic principles needed to understand the mechanism of explosions by chemical explosives. The history, theory and chemical types of explosives are introduced, providing the reader with information on the physical parameters of primary and secondary explosives. Thermodynamics, enthalpy, free energy and gas equations are covered together with examples of calculations, leading to the power and temperature of explosions. A very brief introduction to propellants and pyrotechnics is given, more information on these types of explosives should be found from other sources. This second edition introduces the subject of Insensitive Munitions (IM) and the concept of explosive waste recovery. Developments in explosive crystals and formulations have also been updated. This book is aimed primarily at A level students and new graduates who have not previously studied explosive materials, but it should prove useful to others as well. I hope that the more experienced chemist in the explosives industry looking for concise information on the subject will also find this book useful. 

Decontamination of Waters Containing Dissolved Explosive Wastes. Accdg to McDonald (Ref), decontamination may be achieved by means of a quartern ary salt of a halide of Group V, nonmetal. The general formula of such salt is R.A.M.R .R1 .R11. X, in which ... 

Chemical Weapons Destruction and Explosive Waste/Unexploded Ordnance Remediation, Editor Noyes, R., Noyes, Park Ridge, NJ, 1996... 

Hublch, H.O. and Kachinskl, R.L., Explosive Waste Removal Systems for Suppressive Shields, EM-CR-76002, Edgewood Arsenal, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md., August 1975- (U)... 

Thomas Stock, Chemical and Biological Weapons Developments and Proliferation , SIPRI Yearbook 1993 World Armaments and Disarmament (Oxford Oxford University Press, 1993), pp. 259-292 Robert Noyes, Chemical Weapons Destruction and Explosive Waste/Unexploded Ordnance Remediation (Westwood, NJ Noyes Publication, 1996) National Research Council, Alternatives to Commercial Incineration of CAIS , in Review of the Army Non-Stockpile Material Disposal Program Disposal of Chemical Agent Identification Sets (Washington, DC National Academy Press, 1999), pp. 75-94. 

Present regulations assume that long-term isolation of hazardous wastes — including toxic chemical, biological, radioactive, flammable and explosive wastes — may be effected by disposal in landfills that have liners of very low hydraulic conductivity. In reality, total isolation of wastes in humid areas is not possible some migration of leachate from wastes buried in the gound will always occur. 

Chemical Weapons/Explosive Waste/Unexploded Ordnance... 

Chemical Weapons/Explosive Waste/Unexploded Ordnance Table 1.2 (continued)... 

---