Weapons disposal programs

Following the occupation of Germany and Japan, the Allies initiated a sea-dumping and weapons disposal program to eliminate the large stockpiles... 

Judith A. Bradbury, technical manager at Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, is currently evaluating public involvement programs across the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex. She previously completed a series of evaluations of the effectiveness of DOE s 12 site-specific advisory boards and led an assessment of community concerns about incineration and perspectives on the U.S. Army Chemical Weapons Disposal Program. Dr. Bradbury is a member of the Risk Assessment and Policy Association. She earned a B.S. in sociology from the London School of Economics, an M.A. in public affairs from Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and a Ph.D. in public and international affairs from the University of Pittsburgh. 

Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program continuous steam treater Chemical Weapons Convention... 

The National Research Council (NRC) is assisting the Army in the selection of a technology for Pueblo with two committees the standing Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (Stockpile Committee) and the Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for the Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons Phase II (ACWII Committee). This report was prepared by the Stockpile Committee, which has provided scientific and technical advice and counsel to the Army s Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program since 1987. The membership of the committee is periodically adjusted to provide the requisite expertise for each study. 

Uhe stockpile (the subject of the Amy s Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program) consists of (1) bulk containers of nerve and blister agents and (2) munitions, including rockets, mines, bombs, projectiles, and spray tanks, loaded with nerve or blister agents. Buried chemical warfare materiel, recovered chemical warfare materiel, binary weapons (in which two nonlethal components are mixed after firing to yield a lethal nerve agent), former production facilities, and miscellaneous chemical warfare materiel are not included in the stockpile. The disposition of these five classes of materials is the subject of a separate Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Pro-... 

The term unitary refers to a single chemical loaded in munitions or stored as a lethal material. Binary munitions have two relatively safe chemicals loaded into separate compartments the chemicals are mixed to form a lethal agent only after the munition is fired or released. The components of binary munitions are stockpiled separately, in separate states, and are not included in the present Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. However, under the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1997, they are included in the munitions that will be destroyed. 

Smithson et al., The U.S. Chemical Weapons Destruction Program H. Richard Ei-senbeis and Sue Hanks, Disposal of the Weapons Stockpile Stored at the Pueblo Chemical Depot , Case Research Journal (2004). 

Thomas Stock, Chemical and Biological Weapons Developments and Proliferation , SIPRI Yearbook 1993 World Armaments and Disarmament (Oxford Oxford University Press, 1993), pp. 259-292 Robert Noyes, Chemical Weapons Destruction and Explosive Waste/Unexploded Ordnance Remediation (Westwood, NJ Noyes Publication, 1996) National Research Council, Alternatives to Commercial Incineration of CAIS , in Review of the Army Non-Stockpile Material Disposal Program Disposal of Chemical Agent Identification Sets (Washington, DC National Academy Press, 1999), pp. 75-94. 

Committee to Review Secondary Waste Disposal and Regulatory Requirements for the Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives Program Board on Army Science and Technology Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences... 

COMMITTEE TO REVIEW SECONDARY WASTE DISPOSAL AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ASSEMBLED CHEMICAL WEAPONS ALTERNATIVES PROGRAM... 

Tliis report on the management of the anticipated secondary yvastes from the Pueblo and Blue Grass facilities yvaste yvas initiated by the National Research Council (NRC) at the request of the PMACWA to inform the latter s consideration of potential yvaste management options. The statement of task for the Committee to Review Secondary Waste Disposal and Regulatory Requirements for the Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives Program is as follows ... 

The U.S. Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP) has evolved in parallel with international initiatives to eliminate chemical weapons. After many years of negotiation, the terms of the CWC were agi eed upon in 1993 to deal with this issue. As of June 2002, the CWC had been signed by 174 countries and ratified by 145. The convention went into effect on April 29, 1997, after ratification by 65 countries. The CWC requires that signatories, which include the United States, destroy their chemical weapons stockpiles within 10 years of its initiation, making April 29, 2007, the deadline for destruction of the U.S. stockpile. A provision in the treaty allows a 5-year extension of the deadline under some circumstances. As of early October 2001, PMCD released new... 

In fiscal year 1981, the Army planned to build a disposal facility on Johnston Island, which would use the reverse assembly and incineration process to destroy chemical weapons stored on the island. Although the Army designed the Johnston disposal facility to destroy all types of munitions, it initially planned to equip the facility to destroy only one type of chemical munitions—the M55 rocket. Determining that the M55 rockets were in poor condition and were no longer militarily useful, the Army established an M55 rocket disposal program to destroy the nerve-agent-filled rockets stored at Johnston Island and five chemical storage sites in the continental United States. 

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