Executive Branch

Alternatively, the regulatory authority may be a department or division of the executive branch. Authorities of this type are headed by a director, who is appointed by the head of the executive branch or ministry. This structural arrangement allows the head of the executive branch/ministry greater influence or control over the decision-making and enforcement activities of a regulatory authority (22). 

In Cuba, Tunisia and Venezuela, the dmg regulatory authorities are departments within the executive branch, the Ministry of Health, which possesses decision-making powers regarding dmg regulation. Expert committees are consulted on technical issues, rather than as decision-making bodies. Under this stmcture, the superior agency (the Ministry of Health) theoretically has the authority to alter a decision if it chooses to do so. 

Between visits to friends around the city, I had plenty of time to ponder what General Clay s reception would be. My thoughts went back to July of 1946 when I had joined Pauley in Paris on his third mission. We had been directed to look over conditions in Germany, but President Truman had also instructed us to attend the Paris Conference. Pauley had divided his staff. Luther Gulick (one of Truman s advisors on reorganizing the executive branch), Pauley, and I checked in at the Prince de Galles Hotel in Paris. The rest of the staff, under Martin Bennett, went on to Berlin. 

With Dunlap casting the deciding vote, the Board ruled in November that, under the law, other dyes could not and should not be forbidden unless the Bureau of Chemistry (i.e. Hesse) could present evidence that the dyes in question were harmful to human health. Considering the number of dyes on the market, this was tantamount to rejecting mandatory certification. Still, the decision reached was inescapable to one concerned, as McCabe was, with the text of the law as enacted. The statute only expressly prohibited poisonous color in confectionary, and under the general adulteration clause, prohibited any added ingredient which would render a food harmful to health. This was as far as McCabe would go. The question of moral propriety was simply not relevant. It was the duty of the executive branch to enforce the law ns enacted, and not to legislate (59) ... 

In cases of domestic subversive investigations, compliance with the Fourth Amendment s warrant provision is required. The President cannot authorize domestic surveillance without prior judicial approval. These Fourth Amendment freedoms cannot properly be guaranteed if domestic security surveillance may be conducted solely within the discretion of the Executive Branch. Even Congress cannot exempt the President from warrant requirements in protection of domestic security [86]. 

The Executive Branch and government s duty to preserve national security does not supersede the warrant requirement. Adherence is more necessary than in cases of ordinary crime. Claims of national security are too often utilized to investigate opponents of governmental policies in violation of the First and Fourth... 

The Executive Branch sought to change warrandess searches and surveillance restrictions of the Fourth Amendment through congressional passage of the Patriot Act. The Act has engendered significant debate over the historic role of civil liberties and comparative abuse of power by previous administrations. 

In practice, the Patriot Act and its successors, has circumvented the check and balance system. The Executive Branch has, for example, lowered the threshold of probable cause to the level of suspicion it has equated criminal activity with terrorist activity it has removed or delayed notice requirements for warrants it has required mandatory compliance on third parties for the production of information gathered secredy it has imposed a gag order upon notice and production of information it permits sharing of confidential personal information between investigative units and minimized the role of the judiciary. The overall effect is the Executive Branch and Justice Department are assuming power to define application of the Fourth Amendment. An additional result is the collection of a wide variety of highly personal and sensitive information on law-abiding individuals. 

P.O. Box 6000 Rockville, MD 20849-6000 Establishes policy priorities and objectives for the nation s drug control program and coordinates drug-control activities of executive branch agencies. 

In the early 1980 s, Gough directed OTA s congressionally mandated oversight of Executive Branch studies of cancer in veterans of atom bomb tests and of the health of Vietnam veterans. He chaired a Department of Veterans Affairs advisory committee (1987-90) about the possible health effects of herbicides used in Vietnam and the Department of Health and Human Services committee (1990-95) that advises the United States Air Force study of the health of Air Force personnel who sprayed Agent Orange in Vietnam. In September 2000, he accepted reappointment to the DHHS committee. In 1995, he served on the Environmental Protection Agency s Science Advisory Board committee that evaluated EPA s dioxin reassessment. 

From the contents of the chapters in this book, it is apparent that better policy decisions and better use of society s resources will come from an examination of all available science carried out in ways to encourage critical thinking by scientists and policymakers. The three recommendations that follow are directed at Congress and the Executive Branch. They are equally applicable to... 

Congress and the Executive Branch can also use the Supreme Court s decisions about the admission of expert testimony in courts as a starting point for establishing standards for consideration of experts and their opinions. In the 1993 Daubert Case, 17 the U.S. Supreme Court set down some guidelines for courts to use to decide whether an expert and his or her testimony is ad-... 

Currently, Congress and the Executive Branch depend on committees of the National Academy of Sciences for advice. They... 

When political fortunes change and a new party comes into power in the Executive Branch, one expects a change in overall philosophy of government—and the same is true of the Congress,... 

OME Ordnance Mechanical Engineer ORDFX Executive Branch... 

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)—agency of the federal executive branch, established in 1970 to abate and control pollution through monitoring, regulation, and enforcement, and to coordinate and support environmental research. 

EPA policy concerning relaxed enforcement of prohibitions on storage of mixed waste does not extend to Executive Branch federal facilities, including DOE facilities. In 1992, Congress amended Section 6001 of RCRA (1976) through the Federal Facility Compliance Act (FFCA, 1992) to clarify that federal facilities are subject to administrative orders and civil and administrative penalties and... 

The format and content of the documents in an NDA and the administrative actions associated with an NDA continue to evolve. In the last 10 years, the NDA process has been affected by increasing globalization, serious incidences of fraud and graft, the AIDS epidemic, increased ease and speed of electronic data transfer, and greater accountability within the executive branch of the government. One example of the result of these forces was the implementation of user fees and the significant shortening of the review times by the FDA. 

See United States Executive Branch Report to Congress, Plan for Securing the Nuclear Weapons, Material, and Expertise of the States of the Former Soviet Union, 2003, pp. 47-57. 

United States Executive Branch Report to Congress, Plan for Securing the Nuclear... 

Requirements Branch Maintenance Branch General Supply Branch Operation s. Branch Executive Branch Planning Management Office Office Service Branch Ordnance Board Ordnance Comptroller Legal Branch Administrative Office Special Council for Contracts Special Council for Industrial Division... 

Artillery Ammo Branch Research Materials Branch Ammo Development Branch Artillery Development Branch Small Arms Development Branch Tank and Automotive Branch Guided Missiles Branch Executive Branch... 

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