Equipment specification welding

The mechanical integrity procedures must also embody the safe work practices as well as the detailed equipment procedures. Safe work practices include Lock and Tag, Confined Space Entry, Welding, Burning and Open Flame, and similar essential personnel safety procedures. Detailed equipment procedures include generic procedures, equipment specific procedures, and manufacturers procedures. 

Damage was limited to the trivial lost of bolts and no one was injured. The vessel type is not a process vessel, nor is it covered by OSHA Process Safety Management regnlations. However, this cheap lesson offers an excellent example of the importance of adhering to original equipment specifications and proper welding procedures and practices [9] (see Fig. 10.6). 

Weld inspection duties of personnel responsible for judging the quahty of welding with regard to specifications have been treated (15). Some of these duties involve the visual inspection of welds to determine if they are of the proper size, location, and type and are free of defects. Specifications of materials used must be checked, as must equipment and procedures. 

Nickel Steel Low-carbon 9 percent nickel steel is a ferritic alloy developed for use in cryogenic equipment operating as low as —I95°C (—320°F). ASTM specifications A 300 and A 353 cover low-carbon 9 percent nickel steel (A 300 is the basic specification for low-temperature ferritic steels). Refinements in welding and (ASME code-approved) ehmination of postweld thermal treatments make 9 percent steel competitive with many low-cost materials used at low temperatures. 

If the control valve size is critical to the overpressure protection of the downstream equipment, and must not be increased, then this is clearly noted in all relevant documentation (specification sheets, flow diagram, operating manual, etc.,) and a warning notice plate is welded to the valve body. In such cases, an actual check of the valve installed or purchased should be made during the startup review. 

Stressed, such as heat-affected zones near welds, in areas of high acid-gas concentration, or at a hot gas-liquid interface. Therefore, stress-relieving all equipment after manufacturing is necessary to reduce corrosion, and special metallurgy in specific areas such as the still overhead or the reboiler tubes may be required. 

BS638 Arc welding power sources, equipment and accessories. Part 9 Specification for power... 

Welders shall be certified to a qualified welding procedure for the applicable material in accordance with ASME Section IX. Welders shall be certified in the use of the specific equipment and material used in the welding process. 

In essence, the equipment comprises the generator, which converts the frequencies from the mains electricity supply to high frequencies, the press mechanism, and usually some form of mechanical attachment to carry the materials towards the press—and away from it after welding is done. The high-frequency generator is designed to work with a specific size and type of press. 

Using this type of approach leads to maximizing product s profitability. If processing is to be contracted ensure that the proper equipment is available and used. This interrelationship is different from that of most other materials, where the designer is usually limited to using specific prefabricated forms that are bonded, welded, bent, and so on. 

Many of the design and fabrication details for equipment are governed by various codes, such as the ASME Codes. These codes can be used to indicate definite specifications or tolerance limits without including a large amount of descriptive restrictions. For example, fastening requirements can often be indicated satisfactorily by merely stating that all welding should be in accordance with the ASME Code. 

The development and implementation of safety procedures for non-routine work are required by OSHA and EPA. These specifically include hot work (such as welding), lockout or tagout, line-breaking, and confined-space entry. Other examples of non-routine work for which procedures should be developed would be excavation, electrical hot work (on energized conductors), hot-tapping (on pressurized piping), and, in some instances, personal protective equipment. 

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