Vessels types

Specify special features and materials of construction, such as alloy or nonferrous impingement parts, or entire vessel if affected by process vapor and liquid. Specify special liquid reservoir at base of unit if necessary for system operations. Line units normally have dump traps or liquid outlet of separator, while vessel type often use some type of liquid level control. 

Application Vessel metal Temperature range (°C) Vessel type and purpose Vessel size range t (m) Number of systems Type of controller Po wer supply size range (kW) Date of first installation... 

They claim that in substantially all of the prior art processes, the operation is really a modified batch process in that high hold-up vessel-type nitrators are employed. Moreover, extensive circulation, recirculation, and a relatively long residence time of the reaction mixt in the nitrating zone are characteristics of a majority of the previously proposed methods, and such features are inherently undesirable because they favor degradative side reactions, which occur at all stages of the nitration of toluene to trinitrotoluene, and particularly in the final stage. ... 

Quick-Fit Culture Vessel - Type FV2L J Bibby Science Products Ltd Stone, Staffordshire ST15 OSA Water Bath-Electric - Model BJE-AAO-Y Gallenkamp... 

Table 3.23 Vessel types for microwave applications Vessel type Description...

Table 3.23 gives an overview of the vessel types in use for microwave applications. It is especially important to distinguish between open vessel (as used in Sox wave ) and closed vessel (pressurised) microwave heating systems (as in MAE). Both open-vessel and closed-vessel microwave systems use direct absorption of microwave radiation through essentially microwave transparent vessel materials (Teflon, PC). 

As mentioned above, numerous rotors and vessel types for individual applications are available for the MicroSYNTH/ETHOS platform. Most of them are derived from the original digestion system and have been adapted for synthesis purposes. 

Fig. 3.16 Anton Paar Synthos 3000 rotors and vessel types.

The pressure is measured by means of a hydraulic system, either in one reference vessel of the 16-vessel rotor or simultaneously for all vessels of the 8-vessel rotor. The operational limit is 86 bar, sufficient for synthetic applications. In addition, a pressure rate limit is set to 3.0 bar s 1 by the control software provided. Protection against sudden pressure peaks is provided by metal safety disks incorporated into the vessel caps (safety limits of 70 bar or 120 bar, respectively) and by software regulations, depending on the rotor used and the vessel type. 

Fig. 3.21 Biotage Initiator vessel types (0.2-0.5 ml, 0.5-2.5 mL, 2.0-5.0 ml, 5.0-20.0 mL (left to right)) and schematic depiction of maximum volume.

The amount of power dissipated into the reaction from the bath is not readily quantifiable because it will depend on the size of the bath, the reaction vessel type (and thickness of its walls) and the position of the reaction vessel in the bath. 

Bushell ME, Dunstan GL, Wilson GC, Effect of small scale culture vessel type on hyphal fragment size and erythromycin production in Saccharopolyspora ery-threae, Biotechnol Lett 19 849—852, 1997. 

Sterilizable-ln-Place Vessel. Type 316L stainless steel polished to an I-nternal finish of 15 - 20 Ra eases cleaning and prevents residue build-up... 

Type I, II, and III collagens are fibrillar, and are found in tendon, skin, bone, cornea, carti lage, vitreous body, and blood vessels. Types IX and XII are fibril-associated, and are found in cartilage, tendon, and ligaments. Type IV and VII form networks in basement membrane and beneath stratified squamous epithelia. 

Fermenters are usually classified based on their vessel type such as tank, column, or loop fermenters. The tank and column fermenters are both constructed as cylindrical vessels. They can be distinguished based on their height-to-diameter ratio (H/D) as (Schiigerl, 1982) ... 

Vessel Type Compressed Air Internal Moving Parts External Pumping ... 

Analytes Matrix Vessel Type Solvents Extraction Conditions Recovery (%) RSD (%) Reference... 

With those single-mode reactors that do not require a minimum filling volume (CEM Discover platform temperature measurement is performed from the bottom and not from the side by an external IR sensor) even volumes as low as 50 xL can be processed [57]. With the commercially available singlemode cavities of today, the largest volumes that can be processed under sealed vessel conditions are ca 50 mL, with different vessel types being available to upscale in a linear fashion from 0.05 to 50 mL. Under open vessel conditions higher volumes (> 1000 mL) have been processed under microwave irradiation conditions, without presenting any technical difficulties as, e.g., described for the synthesis of various ionic liquids on a 2 mol scale [35]. 

Coolers 5 and 7 are block graphite apparatuses with the heat exchange surface of 5.4 m2 cooler 9 is a steel enameled apparatus of the vessel in a vessel type with the heat exchange surface of 4 m2. 

The settled water is poured off, and the clarified reactive mixture is distilled to obtain toluene at a temperature below 100 °C and a residual pressure of 800 80 GPa. The end of distillation is determined by complete stop in toluene extraction, as monitored through a run-down box and analytically. The distilled toluene enters water cooler 12, which, like cooler 6, is a vertical cylindrical apparatus of the vessel in a vessel type. Toluene vapours condense there and are collected in collector 13. The distillation of toluene is accompanied by the main process of silanol condensation. 

Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of a shaking-vessel type bioreactor...

An overview of design criteria and the resulting pressure vessel types will be given for the high pressure range from 250 to 10,000 bars. 

The following two pressure vessel types have been built for erection in France, hence the French pressure vessel code CODAP [3] has been followed. 

In the process, homopolymer and random copolymer polymerization occurs in the loop-type reactor (or vessel-type reactor) (1). For impact copolymer production, copolymerization is performed in a gas-phase reactor (2) after homopolymerization. The polymer is discharged from a gas-phase reactor and transferred to the separator (3). Unreacted gas accompanying the polymer is removed by the separator and recycled to the reactor system. The polymer powder is then transferred to the dryer system (4) where remaining propylene is removed and recovered. The dry powder is pelletized by the pelletizing system (5) along with required stabilizers. 

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