Environmental conscious manufacturing

Environmentally conscious manufacturing (ECM) involves developing and implementing chemical processes that minimize or eliminate chemical waste, reduce scrap, or are operationally safer. The benefits include safer aud cleauer factories, reduced future costs for disposal and worker protection, reduced euviroumeutal aud health risks, improved product quality at lower cost, aud higher productivity (Weissmauu aud Sekutowski, 1994). 

Environmentally benign synthesis Environmentally conscious manufacturing Green chemistry... 

J. C. Ammons, M. J. Realff, and D. E. Newton, Decision Models for Reverse Production System Design, Handbook of Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001, pp. 341-362. 

To help engineering practitioners and managers meet these needs, I envisioned a flexibly connected series of edited handbooks, each devoted to a broad topic under the umbrella of environmentally conscious engineering, starting with three volumes that are closely linked—environmentally conscious mechanical design, environmentally conscious manufacturing, and environmentally conscious materials and chemicals processing. 

Bennett, D., and Yano, C. (1996), Process Selection Problems in Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing, INFORMS Atlanta, Invited Paper. 

Cattanach, R. E., Holdreith, J. M., Reinke, D. P, and Sibik, L. K. (1995), The Handbook of Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing, Irwin Professional Publishing, Chicago. 

The scope of this effort is approximately 300 million per year, about half of which is devoted to Global Change research. Research in biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics accounts for nearly a quarter of total expenditures. Although Chemistry is a relatively small participant, it is part of a rapidly growing interest in environmental technology within NSF, and is linked to environmentally conscious manufacturing, mitigation of the effects of toxic substances and natural disasters, and improvement of air and water quality. 

Behret H, Korugan A (2005) Quality of retums is it a factor in remanufacturing In Gupta MS (ed) Environmentally conscious manufacturing V, proceedings of SPIE, vol. 5997. SPIE Bellingham... 

Ilgin MA, Gupta SM (2010) Environmentally conscious manufacturing and product recovery (ECMPRO). A review of the state of the art. J Environ Manage 91(3) 563-591... 

Gungor A, Gupta SM (1999) Issues in environmentally conscious manufacturing and product recovery a survey. Comp Ind Eng 36 811-853... 

Ceramic sensors are devices that provide environmental feedback by transforming a nonelectrical input into an electrical output. The applications for which these devices are used are widely varied. A brief list includes the use of sensors to determine the concentration of various gases, such as oxygen and carbon monoxide, temperature measurement devices, and pressure, radiation, and humidity sensors. Sensors have also become widely used in automotive applications. In manufacturing, because of the increasing need for waste minimization, process control, and environmentally conscious manufacturing, the increasing emphasis on sensor use and development is likely to continue to expand. The use of feedback loops in conjunction with sensors for process control/optimization has also increased in recent years. 

Hosking, F. M., Frear, D. R., Vianco, P. T, and Keicher, D. M., Sandia National Labs Initiatives in Electronic Fluxless Soldering, Proceedings of the 1st International Congress on Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing, Santa Fe, September 18,1991. 

Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing VI Disassembly, Modeling Environmental Problems, Reverse and Closed Loop Supply Chains, Sustainability and Industrial Ecology. Sponsored by the SPIE, The International Society for Optical Engineering. 

D. Shangguan and G. Gao, Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing Technologies for Automotive Electronics, Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Electronic Packaging Technology (ISEPT 96), Dec 1996, p 391 2... 

Spall, W. D., Supercritical carbon dioxide precision cleaning for solvent and waste reduction, Int. J. Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacture, 2 81 (1993)... 

Tomiyama, T. (2001) Service engineering to intensify service contents in product life cycles. Proceedings of EcoDesign 2001 2nd International Symposium On Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, Tokyo, Japan. 

Johnson, M., and Wang, M. (1995), Product Disassembly Analysis A Cost/Benefit Trade-Off Approach, International Journal cf Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacturing, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 19-28. 

Stuart, J. A., and SommerviUe, R. M. (1997), A Review of Life Cycle Design Challenges, International Journal of Environmentally Conscious Design and Manufacturing, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 43-57. 

It is axiomatic that manufacturing productivity is increased and per unit cost is decreased by making assembly and automation processes more efficient. High-quality parts further lower costs by reducing rework and replacement liability costs. Environmental consciousness and regulatory compliance have become a permanent and increasing component... 

Sadamichi, Y., Kimura, Y., Widiyanto, A., Kato, S., Maruyatna, N., Nishimura, A., 2003. LCA evaluation of reuse/recycle impact for environmental conscious industrial products. In Environmentally Conscious Design and Inverse Manufacturing, 2003. EcoDesign 03. 2003 3rd International Symposium, 8—11 December 2003, pp. 339—343. Tokyo, Japan. SMART, December 15, 2004. Sustainable Textile Standard 2.0 -Promoting Sustainable Textile Achievement, the Institute for Market Transformation to Sustainability, Einal Approved Consensus Ballot Version. 

Process industries utilize a wide range of feedstocks to manufacture chemical, petroleum, gas, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, biofuel, food, microelectronics, metal, textile, and forestry products. Chemical processes exert some of the most profound impacts on the environment especially because of their ubiquitous nature and the importance of chemical products to our modem society (e.g., antibiotics, varieties of foods, energy, fuels, etc.). In recent years, environmental consciousness has been growing and has become a critical factor in the decision-making step of industrial processes. This awareness has led to the formulation of the concept of sustainability and sustainable development in the past century [1,2]. 

Sampattagul S, Kato S, Kiatsiriroat T, Maruyama N, Widiyanto A. LCA-NETS tool for environmental design of natural gas-fired power generation systems in Thailand. In 2003 3rd international symposium on environmentally conscious design and inverse manufacturing — Ecodesign 03 2003. p. 141-6. 

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