Endometriosis danazol

Endometriosis - In endometriosis, danazol alters the normal and ectopic endometrial tissue so that it becomes inactive and atrophic. 

Rings containing danazol were designed to control and treat pelvic endometriosis. Danazol acts directly on endometriotic tissue, inhibits DNA synthesis, and induces cell apoptosis. Danazol locally administered did not show inhibition of ovulation on the contrary, oral administration produced a lack of menstrual cycle. Consequently, the main mechanism of action after local administration was reported to be the direct action on endometriotic cells. Danazol probably diffuses through vaginal mucosa and reaches the deep layers, where infiltrating endometriosis takes place. This behavior allows for the avoidance of the side effects, which characterize oral therapy [41]. 

Endometriosis Danazol [DA na zole], a mild androgen, is used in the treatment of endometriosis (ectopic growth of the endometrium). 

It has been demonstrated that Danazol [17230-88-5] C22H2yN02, is highly effective in post-coital regimens, and has a very low incidence of side effects. Danazol is marketed in many countries for the treatment of endometriosis and its availabiUty is unrestricted. It does not appear that there is a significant difference in effectiveness when doses of 800 to 1200 mg have been utilized daily for three days (64,65). When utilized in the post-coital mode, the precise mechanism of action of Danazol is not weU-understood. 

A 47-year-old premenopausal female with endometriosis is treated with danazol. Which of the following adverse effects is associated with danazol ... 

Like the medical treatment of uterine leiomyomas, danazol, gestrinone, mifepristone, and GnRH-a, with or without add-back therapy, have been proposed for the treatment of endometriosis as well (Olive et al. 2001 Stones et al. 2004), but unlike leiomyomas, oral contraceptive pills, in cyclic or continuous administration, and medroxyprogesterone acetate also seem to be effective (Olive et al. 2001 Stones et al. 2004). A significant benefit in terms of pelvic pain relief also is obtained with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Olive et al. 2001 Stones et al. 2004). 

Recently, a Japanese research group published preclinical safety and efficacy data of an oral antiestrogen (TZE-5323) (Saito et al. 2003). This drug has been shown to have a strong affinity for human ERa and ER/i and a dose-dependent capacity to inhibit estradiol-stimulated transcriptional activation (Saito et al. 2003). In the experimental endometriosis model in rats, TZE-5323 dose-dependently reduced the volume of the endometrial implant with an effectiveness similar to that of danazol and leuprorelin acetate without causing significant changes in bone mineral density and in serum estradiol levels (Saito et al. 2003). 

Danazol Synthetic androgen. Suppresses gonadotrophin production. Exhibits some weak androgenic activity Oral administration in the treatment of endometriosis, benign breast disorders, menorrhagia, premenstrual syndrome and hereditary angioedema... 

Danazol is an isoxazole derivative of 17alpha-ethinyl testosterone. It has weak androgenic activity. It inhibits gonadotrophin secretion and is used to suppress ovarian function. It induces endometrial atrophy and has found its major use in the management of endometriosis. Gestrinon has the same indication and acts via a similar mechanism. Danazol has also been used in the management of benign breast disorders such as fibrocystic disease. 

Endometriosis is abnormal growth of endometrial tissue in the peritoneal cavity. Women with this disorder have dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility. Danazol (Danocrine) is a 2,3-isoxazol derivative of 17a-ethynyl testosterone (ethisterone) that has weak virilizing and protein anabolic properties. It is effective in endometriosis through its negative feedback... 

Danazol has been employed as an inhibitor of gonadal function and has found its major use in the treatment of endometriosis. For this purpose, it can be given in a dosage of 600 mg/d. The dosage is reduced to 400 mg/d after 1 month and to 200 mg/d in 2 months. About 85% of patients show marked improvement in 3-12 months. 

Danazol is a weak androgen and also has a series of other hormonal and anti-hormonal properties. It inhibits pituitary gonadotropin and has been used in the treatment of endometriosis, fibrocystic disease of the breast, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and hereditary angioedema. Its hepatotoxic effects include reversible rises in serum transaminases and cholestatic hepatitis a few cases of hepatocellular tumors have been reported. 

Danazol is a weak androgen and can thus exert the adverse effects of androgens, but because it inhibits LH and FSH secretion it can also elicit menopausal-like symptoms. However, from time to time it has other types of adverse effect. It has been used with some success in the management of pelvic pain associated with endometriosis (1), heavy menstrual bleeding (2), and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (3). It is ineffective in unexplained subfertility (4). 

Selak V, Farquhar C, Prentice A, Singla A. Danazol for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007 (4) CD000068. 

Wong AYK, Tang L. An open and randomised study comparing the efficacy of standard danazol and modified triptorelin regimens for postoperative disease management of moderate to severe endometriosis. Fertil Steril 2004 81 1522-7. 

Very recently, clinical assessments of an IUD releasing danazol for the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis-related pelvic pain have been reported [86,87]. 

Corbellis, L., et al. 2004. A danazol-loaded intrauterine device decreases dysmenorrheal, pelvic pain, and dyspareunia associated with endometriosis. Fertil Steril 82 239. 

Braun, D.P., H. Gebel, and W.P. Dmowski. 1994. Effect of danazol in vitro and in vivo on monocyte-mediated enhancement of endometrial cell proliferation in women with endometriosis. Fertil Steril 62 89. 

Chin, K., et al. In vitro augmentative effect of danazol on apoptosis of endometrial cells. Abstract of 18th Annual Meeting of Japan Endometriosis Society, p. 17, 1997. 

Igarashi, M., et al. 1998. Novel vaginal danazol ring therapy for pelvic endometriosis, in particular deeply infiltrating endometriosis. Hum Reprod 13 1952. 

Igarashi, M. 1990. A new therapy for pelvic endometriosis and uterine adenomyosis Local effect of vaginal and intrauterine danazol application, Asia-Oceania. J Obstet Gynaecol 16 1. 

Dmowski, W.P., and T.I. Janicki. 2004. Intravaginal danazol is efficacious with limited side-effect profile in the treatment of endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol 103 60S. 

Danazol Treatment of pelvic endometriosis Ring and vaginal suppository Effective without increased serum concentrations observed during oral therapy 114... 

An alternative treatment for endometriosis is danazol. Danazol is a modified progestogen which inhibits production of gonadotrophin it combines androgenic actions with anti-oestrogenic and antiprogestogenic activity. 

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