Embodied energy

Using raw materials that have lower embodied energy for example, using recycled aluminium instead of virgin aluminium. 

Designing products so that disposal of end of life is easy and energy efficient. Designing products so that the embodied energy can be recovered at end of life. For example, producing plastics that can be burned for energy recovery without producing... 

They are then forced through a narrow die to form a hollow tube called a parison. A chilled mold is then clamped around the parison and inflated from the inside by air. The air pressure presses the parison against the mold, and it hardens in the shape of the mold. The mold then opens and ejects the HDPE bottle. The bottle is then trimmed and conveyed to the milk filling station. The waste plastic is ground for reuse. GHG emissions associated with the embodied energy of the packaging machinery may be calculated but typically fall near the 1% cutoff line and can be excluded (Cashman et ah, 2009). 

Consideration of Embodied Energy of Materials including processing and transportation. 

Consideration of the Embodied Energy of the Materials while Extending the Useful Life of Structures. 

Life Cycle Analysis to help Lower Energy Consumption and Global Warming through Considerations for Embodied Energy and Waste Reduction. 

Kara, S., and Manmek, S., 2010. Impact of manufacturing supply chains on the embodied energy of products, Proceedings of the 43rd International Conference on Manufacturing Systems, Vienna, Austria, (pp 187-194). 

The replacement of timber products by nonrenewable materials is an unfortunate development, since it has been repeatedly shown that the use of timber does have associated environmental benefits compared with the use of nonrenewables (e.g. Marcea and Lau, 1992 Hillier and Murphy, 2000 Bowyer etal., 2003 Lippke etal., 2004). Timber has a lower embodied energy content (and hence a more favourable carbon emission profile) compared to most other building materials and can provide other benefits, such as improved thermal properties. It and the products made from it (in common with other renewable materials) can be used as a repository for atmospheric carbon dioxide. Wood is derived from a renewable resource, albeit potentially an exhaustible one unless it is managed correctly. Disposal of wood can be readily achieved with little environmental impact (subject to how the wood has been treated prior to disposal). 

Methods of Determining Environmental Impacts 9.3.1 Embodied Energy... 

Initial embodied energy represents the quantity of nonrenewable energy that is nsed in the winning, transport and processing to prodnce a material to be nsed for a specific application. 

Recurring embodied energy is the amount of energy nsed to maintain a material in service, or the amount of energy required to replace that material if it fails in service. 

National Institute for Environmental Studies (2002) Embodied energy and emission intensity data for Japan using input-output tables (3EID). National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan... 

The reduction of CO2 to glucose (C6Hi20g) stores some of the Sun s energy in the chemical bonds of the organic matter formed. Glucose, cellulose, carbohydrates, protein, and fats are all forms of organic matter, or reduced carbon. They all embody energy and are nearly all derived ultimately from photosynthesis. 

Design by Assembly Group Embodied Energy MJ Global Warming Potential Equiv. COzkg Air Pollution Index Critical Vol. Measure Water Pollution Index Critical Vol. Measure Solid Wastes kg... 

In commercial terms, the main advantage that DSSCs have over silicon p-n junction cells is that their cost per watt could be four to five times lower, because of their lower-cost materials and construction techniques. Moreover, the efficiency of DSSCs falls off less in low-intensity light or with increasing temperature than that of Si cells, and they have lower embodied energy i. e. less energy is required to make them). DSSCs can also be fabricated as translucent panels or laid down as flexible films on non-planar surfaces. 

Cosianza, R., "Embodied Energy and Economic Valuation", Science, Vol. 210, December 14,1980, Page 1219... 

As previously mentioned, the phenomena of adsorption embody energy. Heat is released when a vapor is adsorbed, and conversely, heat is required to evaporate (desorb) an adsorbed vapor. The heat... 

One large potential impact for conjugated polymers lies in the field of solar energy. Polymer solar-cell devices can be manufactured cheaply and with low embodied energy. 

The boundaries established corresponded to a gate-to-gate analysis, focused on burdens derived from the tailoring production process (Figure 3.1). However, it must be noted that, under the EF approach, impacts beyond the inventory data boundaries were included in the form of embodied energy, natural productivity of raw materials, and electricity breakdown into primary sources of energy. The compound method was applied to estimate the EF. 

Brown, M. X, and Herendeen, R. (1996). Embodied energy analysis and emergy analysis A comparative view. Ecol. Econ. 19,219-235. 

Foran, B., and Crane, D. (1998). The OzECCO embodied energy model of Australia s physical economy. In Advances in Energy Studies. Energy Flows in Ecology and Economy (S. Ulgiati, M. X Brown, M. Giampietro, R. A. Herendeen, and K. Mayumi, eds.), pp. 579-596. Musis, Rome, Italy. 

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