Edaphic factors

Fenchel T, King G, Blackburn FI (1998) Bacterial biogeochemistry the ecophysiology of mineral cycling. Academic Press, London, UK Francl LJ (1993) Multivariate analysis of selected edaphic factors and their relationship to Heterodera glycines population density. J Nematol 25 270-276 Frostegard A, Tunlid A, Baath E (1993) Phospholipid fatty acid composition, biomass, and activity of microbial comunities from two soil types experimentally exposed to different heavy metals. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 3605-3617... 

Meharg, A.A., R.F. Shore, and K. Broadgate. 1998. Edaphic factors affecting the toxicity and accumulation of arsenate in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 1124-1131. 

Before we can predict the response of a plant variety to a specific pollutant or group of pollutants, we must understand the following factors genetic variability (both between and within species), climatic and edaphic factors, interactions with other pollutants, interactions with biotic pathogens and insects, and the growth and physiologic age of susceptible plant tissue. The overall conceptualization of relationships between pollutant exposure and ultimate effects is shown simplistically (Figure 11-1) in an adaptation from van Haut and Stratmann. ... 

CLIMATIC FACTORS EDAPHIC FACTORS BIOTIC FACTORS... 

The reactions that a toxin undergoes in the soil are largely controlled by edaphic factors such as moisture regime, nutrient... 

Susceptibility of vegetation to air pollutant injury is reportedly influenced by many climatic factors, edaphic factors, genetic variability, and by structural and biochemical variations in the plant. Observed differences in susceptibility have prompted numerous attempts to prepare lists of plant species according to susceptibility or tolerance to specific air pollutants. It has become apparent that such lists are frequently inaccurate because the differential in susceptibility within a single variety or cultivar may be as great as that between species. 

Edaphic Factors. Soil texture, soil moisture and mineral nutrients strongly influence plant growth and, consequently, have an effect on susceptibility to air pollutants. Adequate soil moisture to maintain leaf turgidity is essential to maintain full... 

The quality of potato tubers depends upon genetic, climatic, biotic, chemical, and edaphic factors varietal characteristics precipitation, temperature and sunshine conditions competition with other plants the use of chemicals and the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, which influence the capacity of the crop to take up the necessary water and nutrients to ensure success. 

There is also growing evidence that the nature of DOM will affect microbial community structure and function. As we apply the new tools to identify microbial taxa in natural ecosystems, we can begin to delimit the relative importance of trophic and edaphic factors in influencing microbial community structure. The apparent two-way link between microbial community composition and DOM composition allows for further complexity in the dynamics of both DOM and bacterial groups. 

Davidson, E. A., and Lefebvre, P. A. (1993). Estimating regional carbon stocks and spatially covarying edaphic factors using soil maps at three scales. Biogeochemistry (Dordrecht) 22(2), 107-131. 

Edaphic factor A composite of physical and biologic characteristics of the soil that disturbs the ecosystem. 

Burdick, D., Mendelssohn, I., and McKee, K. (1989). Live standing crop and metabohsm of the marsh grass Spartina patens as related to edaphic factors in a brackish, mixed marsh community in Louisiana. Estuaries 12, 195—204. 

Figure 32 Graphical depiction of the response of litter decomposition rate to changes in climate and edaphic factors that favor decomposition ( environmental quality ), (a) Theoretical response that substrate a decomposes faster than substrate b under all conditions (b) The observed response of pine needles and aspen leaf litter mass loss to changing conditions, (after Taylor and Parkinson, 1988a).

From this review, it is evident that chemo-varieties exist among the medicinal and aromatic plants. These variations may be due to various factors including climatic and edaphic factors. This calls for collaborative studies towards the standardization of these plants to allow commercialization of African medicinal and aromatic plant prodncts which are generally low on the international market. 

Soil properties (edaphic factors) are important in determining bioavailability and include nutrient status, organic-matter content, soil structure, temperature, moisture and pH (Weber et al. 1993). Ageing is another important edaphic factor, because it appears that the amount of extractable contaminant decreases over time. For example, 8-14% of 14C-labelled 1,3,6,8-TCDD was found to become unextractable in soil after about a year in one study (Muir et al. 1985). It seems that a contaminant will diffuse into kinetically remote compartments of soil over time. It is possible, therefore, to distinguish three contaminant fractions a labile, relatively bioavailable fraction a recalcitrant, relatively firmly bound but still extractable fraction and a non-extractable, irreversibly bound fraction (Jones et al. 

Saltwater intrnsion is a dominant edaphic factor that inflnences the survival, growth, and species composition in coastal wetlands along the Louisiana Gnlf Coast. The net effect of sublethal salt stress is the redaction in growth especially in marsh soils with low bulk density or mineral content in the soil profile. For most species growing in salt and brackish marshes, elevated salinity does not create a favorable environment for growth and productivity (Figure 18.14). In fact, numerous... 

Watrud, L.S., Maggard, S., Shiroyama, T., Coleman, C.G., Johnson, M.G., Donegan, K.K., Di Giovanni, G., Porteous, L.A., Lee, E.H., 2003. Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum L.) frond biomass and rhizosphere microbial community characteristics are correlated to edaphic factors. Plant Soil 249, 359-371. 

Robacker, D.C. Flottum, P.K. Sammataro, D. (1983). Effects of climatic and edaphic factors on soybean flowers and of the subsequent attractiveness of the plants to honey bees. Field Crops Research, Vol. 6, No. 4, p. 267-278, ISSN 0378-4290 Roberts, R.B. (1979). Spectrophotometric analysis of sugars produced by plants and harvested by insects. Journal of Apicultural Research, Vol. 18, p. 191-195, ISSN 2078-6913... 

Onions Allium cepa) [79] Influence of edaphic factors on bulbs quality 32 conducting polymer... 

Elhaak M, El-Shourbagy N, El-Nagar R (1999) Effect of edaphic factors on technical properties of flax fibre. J Agron Crop Sci 182(2) 113-120 Epps H, Akin D (2003) The color gamut of undyed flax fiber. AATCC Rev 3(l) 37-40 European Parliament (1999) Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste, http //eur-lex.europa.eu/en/index.htm. Accessed 20 April 2010... 

Wilkins, D. A. The measurement of tolerance to edaphic factors by means of root growth. NewPhytol. 1978, JT 80,623-633. 

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