Dry flares

Wet Flare and Dry Flare Sometimes relatively hot vapors carrying condensates may be separated from the dry cold vapors. They do not run as separate headers but either low-pressure or high-pressure flare headers may be associated with any one of them. Thus a wet flare header may be, in fact, the low-pressure header, and the dry flare header maybe the high-pressure flare, or vica-versa. 

Example Calculate the dry flare header size, which is connected to the above knock-out drum. Previously noted conditions remain the same. Additional data are ... 

Onshore, the icing risk is often mitigated by connecting the exhaust of all these SRVs to a dry flare header or a recovery system. Only dehydrated hydrocarbon services are connected to a dry flare. In doing so correctly, the SRV system... 

If the pressure in the dry flare header exceeds the 3% allowed by most codes, the SRVs connected to it may then open at a pressure higher than what is allowed by this code or law, or even at a pressure that would exceed the acceptable tolerance on the design pressure of the protected equipment (Figure 11.3). 

Storage tanks should have temperature monitoring with alarms to detect the onset of reactions. The design should comply with all appHcable industry, federal, and local codes for a class IB flammable Hquid. The storage temperature should be below 37.8°C. Storage should be under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen and should vent vapors from the tank to a scmbber or flare. 

Barium nitrate is prepared by reaction of BaCO and nitric acid, filtration and evaporative crystallization, or by dissolving sodium nitrate in a saturated solution of barium chloride, with subsequent precipitation of barium nitrate. The precipitate is centrifuged, washed, and dried. Barium nitrate is used in pyrotechnic green flares, tracer buUets, primers, and in detonators. These make use of its property of easy decomposition as well as its characteristic green flame. A small amount is used as a source of barium oxide in enamels. 

Fire Hazards - Flash Point (deg. F) 175 Flammable Limits in Air (%) Data not available Fire Extinguishing Agents Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to be Used Water may be ineffective Special Hazards of Combustion Products Ranunable alcohol and ketone gases are formed in fires Behavior in Fire Bums with a flare effect. Containers may explode Ignition Temperature Data not available Electrical Hazard Data not available Burning Rate Data not available. 

In the case of heavier-than-air purge gas, there is no buoyancy mechanism causing air entry into the stack, and there is thus no incentive to include a dry seal. Unlike a water seal, a dry seal cannot prevent a flashback from traveling upstream if a combustible mixture has been formed by the entry of air into the safety valve or flare headers. It only protects against internal burning flashback... 

WTien steam is injected at a rate of approximately 0.3 pounds of steam per pound of flare gas, the fraction of heat radiated is decreased by 20%. T is based on hydrocarbon flame at 2240°F, 80 °F dry buib air, relative humidity > 10%, distance from flame between 100 and 500 feet, and is acceptable to estimate under wide conditions. 

Symptom relief is caused in part by anticholinergic properties, which are responsible for the drying effect that reduces nasal, salivary, and lacrimal gland hypersecretion. Antihistamines antagonize increased capillary permeability, wheal-and-flare formation, and itching. 

The toxicity and volume of some deoiled and dewatered sludge can be reduced further through thermal treatment. Thermal sludge treatment units use heat to vaporize the water and volatile components in the feed and leave behind a dry solid residne. The vapors are condensed for separation into hydrocarbon and water components. Noncondensable vapors are either flared or sent to the refinery amine nnit for treatment and nse as refinery fnel gas. 

Abnormal vision, cataract, conjunctivitis, dry eye, eye disorder, flare, iris discoloration, keratitis, lid margin crusting, photophobia, subconjunctival hemorrhage, and tearing... 

When used with highly compacted main pyrotechnic items, such as flare candles the "first fire" is either pressed (in dry form), or painted (in paste or slurry form) on top of item. For initiation of solid proplnts, a "first fire " mixt can be ignited if confined in a tube or capsule so that the hot gases will be spread over a larger surface area (Ref 57, pp 189 91) Table F lists various formulations for "starter mixtures" Table G for "ignition mixtures" and Table H for "first fire mixtures". -These formulations are given in Ref 57, pp 377-83. Some mixtures are taken from Ref 44a,... 

E. Fisher, 37, 5241 (1943). Incendiary suitable for filling bombs and flares is prepd by mixing thoroughly Mg dust with pulped paper in water and then filtering to produce a uniformly flat sheet or ribbon. After drying, the sheet is cut into pieces... 

Besides intensively draining the fire of the Liver, Long Dan Cao can also dry damp-heat. It is particularly used in conditions where there is excess heat in the Liver that flares upwards and causes disorders in the head and sensory orifices, as well as in conditions where there is damp-heat in the Liver that moves downwards and causes disorders in the Lower-Jiao and the genital area. In a formula to treat acute excess conditions of both Liver fire and damp-heat, Long Dan Cao is often used as chief. 

Through one hole is placed an inverted funnel for introduction of chlorine the stem of a dropping funnel is passed through the second hole and rests directly above the flared part of the funnel. The third hole contains an outlet tube for excess chlorine. To prevent diffusion of moisture back into the reaction chamber, small drying tubes containing calcium chloride should be placed on the end of this latter tube and also connected to the inlet of the dropping funnel. The whole apparatus should be set up in a well-ventilated hood. 

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