Display Control Panel

You can also access the Display Properties settings by using the Display Control Panel under Start > Settings > Control Panel. 

A Display Control Panel (DCP) to set the PFD mode as shown in Fig. 1.9 and allow input of other variables (such as Barometric setting for the altimeter). 

The barometric setting provided by the flight crew on the Display Control Panel is not relevant for pressure altitude, and it is therefore not considered further in this case study. Other elements of the upgraded system, such as the Standby Flight Instrument and Inertial Reference System (IRS), are also not considered in this case study. 

Fig. 1 The view of the polar display with monitors arcs and control panel for SFT6000N board parameters. Recorded signal is from the eddy current probe moved along in a brass tube of inner diameter 20 mm with 2 mm holes as artificial flaws. SFT6000N card operates with 40 kHz injection voltage firequency.

Consider ergonomics in the design of displays and control panels. 

Typical uses include illuminated notices, control panels, dome-ligbts, lighting diffusers, baths, face guards, nameplates, lenses and display models. 

A pressure sensor giving a continuous indication which is displayed on the control panel and can be observed by the operator. The sensor has a high pressure safety interlock set at a predetermined pressure that activates an emergency shutdown system. 

Hands-on training, where employees actually apply lessons learned in simulated or real situations, will enhance learning. For example, operating personnel, who will work in a control room or at control panels, would benefit by being trained at a simulated control panel. Upset conditions of various types could be displayed on the simulator, and... 

Inadequate ergonomic design in areas such as control panels and the labeling and placement of valves on the plant can also be regarded as a latent failure because it will increase the probability of active errors. For example, a worker may misread process information from a poorly designed display. Poorly labeled and situated valves can cause the wrong valve to be selected, with possibly disastrous consequences. 

Representational layout of control panels. Where the physical location of items is important, for example, area displays in fire control systems, the layout of the displays on a control panel should reflect the geographical layout of the plant. In other cases a functional arrangement of the elements of the process plant will be appropriate, for example, when monitoring the status of the system via an alarm panel. 

Design according to frequency of use or importance. Controls and displays that are frequently used or are of special importance (e.g., critical alarms), should be placed in prominent positions, for example, near the center of the control panel. 

The term control panel refers to the instrumentation console in a central control room through which process information is communicated to the process worker and via which the worker changes the state of the process. This category includes display elements such as chart recorders, bar indicators, dials, and modem VDU-based systems together with control elements such as buttons, switches, track balls and mice. The control panel is the human-machine interface (see Chapter 2) that has traditionally received the most attention from human factors specialists. 

The content and organization of the displayed information are of critical importance in inferring the state of the process and subsequently evaluating the effects of alternative courses of action. The following factors will determine the demands of the control panel on the attentional and memory resources of the workers. For detailed data on the design of the control panel, the reader is referred to standard ergonomics textbooks (e.g., Salvendy, 1987). 

The first questions to be considered when designing a control panel are what information is required and how much of it will be appropriate. Too little information may increase the amount of inference that the worker is required to make to predict the state of process parameters that are not directly displayed. This is especially important for emergency situations where the human information processing system is taxed heavily with many tasks. On the other hand, too much redimdant information can overload the worker. It is essential, therefore, that the information needs of the worker are identified through some form of task analysis and worker interviews. 

The issue of how controls and displays are identified on a control panel is usually referred to as coding. In the case of controls this can be achieved by techniques such as labeling, color, shape, location, or size. The relationship... 

Compatibility with Personnel Expectations Compatibility refers to the degree of similarity between the direction of physical movement of a control or an instrument indicator and the worker s expectations. Many errors are due to the fact that the operation of the controls or the layout of the displays is incompatible with population stereotypes. For instance, on a control panel it is customary to increase the value of a parameter by turning the appropriate switch clockwise and reduce its value by turning it coimterclockwise. (Note that this stereotype is the opposite for controls which control flow directly, e.g., valves.) If such a stereotype is violated, errors may occur. Although such errors may be recoverable in the short run, under the stress of a process transient they may lead to serious consequences. 

CCTV technology is used to analyze digital images and identify the characteristics of a fire. CCTV can provide both a control action and display the picture in a staffed control room. The latter has a particular benefit as it allows very rapid incident assessment and also reduces the need for personnel to enter the area to investigate the fire conditions. In general terms, the CCTV flame detection system is comprised of three basic components the camera/detection element, the control panel, and the display computers. 

The talk-through technique, often used by human reliability analysts, has particular application for learning more about specihc tasks or occurrences. It is a method in which an operator describes the actions required in a task, explains why he or she is doing each action, and explains the associated mental processes. There is a normal protocol for how to organize the talk-through. When the procedures call for the manipulation of a specific control or for the monitoring of a specific set of displays, the operator and the investigator approach them at the control panels, and the operator points out the controls and displays in question. If the performance is simulated, the operator touches the manual controls that would be operated and describes the control action required. The operator ... 

If you look on the local control panel of such a turbine, you will probably see four steam pressures displayed ... 

Most analyzers incorporate a personal computer (PC) for data acquisition, control, data analysis, presentation/display of results, and communications. Many are integrated via Ethernet-based networks. Two approaches are used either the computer is integrated into the analyzer package, including the visual display and keyboard/control panel (an abbreviated keyboard or a preprogrammed equivalent), or a separate industrial-grade... 

Figure 15.1. Workspace of Swiss-PDB Viewer. The workspace of Swiss-PDB Viewer (SPBBV) consists of main windows (with menu bars, icons, and display window), control panel (with listing of amino acid residues), and align window (with amino acid sequence of the displayed molecule). Lysozyme (1 lyz.pdb) with highlighted catalytic residues (Glu35 and Asp52) is displayed.

At this stage in the example all cells are still empty, so that no value is displayed on the first line of the control panel. To enter data in a specific cell, one must move the pointer to that cell. This is done by pressing the Right, Down, etc. keys on the keyboard or, for instance, by using the page down key. 

When this has been typed in and the RETURN key pressed after each equation the cell displays the result of computing this equation. If one wants to look at the equation in a certain cell, one moves the pointer to that cell and the equation is displayed on the second line of the control panel. 

An operator interface is used to record data gathered by the PLC.1 The operator interface is usually another computer (sometime called the human-machine interface or HMI). The HMI uses process displays with real-time sensor readings so that the operator can quickly assess the status of the system (see Figure 6.17). The operator uses the control panel to adjust alarm settings and to turn on and off process equipment. Once running, however, the PLC controls and runs the system automatically, without further input from the operator. Common HMI status indicators are listed below ... 

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