Upgrading the System

When a continuous improvement effort at a facility results in a consensus to upgrade the system, check to see if the following characteristics of the upgrade are considered  

Training on the newly upgraded pre-startup safety review program may need to be provided. At a minimum, the upgrades should be communicated to those persons affected by the changes. 

A good practice many facilities have adopted is the use of a standard protocol for performing self- and third-party audits of their process safety management system or RMP prevention program performance. This chapter provides some examples of  

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Described below is how we upgraded our frequency-domain wide-held FLIM system in Amsterdam to incorporate TIRF. A TIRF upgrade to an existing wide-held FLIM setup is marginal both with respect to cost and time. Furthermore, after the upgrade, the system can still be used as a regular wide-held FLIM system. 

Other technology improvements, such as position control for electric platens, as well as the speed capabilities of electric drive systems for platen-drive systems, sheet-wheel rotate systems, and sheet-car transfer systems, have provided faster and more consistent machinery for fabricators to operate. Use is made of the latest in computer design technology to ensure both the electrical and mechanical design integrity of all its equipment and to upgrade the systems it provides for all its customers. These include a full array of services for cut-sheet and roll-fed customers including new equipment. 

The Information Department, which undertook to upgrade the system, had only slender resources to devote to the project. At best only one staff member could be spared to work on the project and for long periods it was done as a spare-time activity. This situation forced us to take pragmatic approaches to problems and to look for solutions capable of easy and rapid implementation. 

Infrastructures without expensive investments such as the use of Internet-mediated applications lead to use of collaboration tools. However, the initial investments to upgrade the systems and learning activities, and resistance to change towards the new application became main problems at the initial stage of implementation. 

The risks of lowering evaporator reliability and product quality by upgrading the system are minimal if the appropriate technical evaluation is made. Basically, there are three general types of prospects for modifying existing evaporators ... 

Smith and co-workers [28] report on the effluent treatment for a zinc-lead smelter in the New South Wales, Australia. Treatment was by precipitation using a multi-stage addition of 15% w/v lime slurry to give pH 8.9 resulting in the typical final effluent concentrations shown in Table 6.8. It was necessary, however, to upgrade the system in order to meet stricter requirements. 

If you add cost data with each hazard control and then trend the success of those data, you are well on your way to modeling the cost of upgrading the system. You can take the entire hazard analysis process and change out the hazards for design or operational trade-off ideas, associate costs to each trade-off, trend the data with any typical statistical package, and have a pretty elaborate efficiency and productivity analysis of your system. 

In order to upgrade the melamine, the solution obtained after prethickening and stripping is treated with activated carbon passed over a clarifying filter and fed to a two-stage vacuum crystallization system from which the pure melamine is recovered in a continuous centrifiige. Stainless steel is used as constmction material for nearly all parts of the equipment exposed to product streams. 

Follow- Up. Even after the system is deHvered, additional work is usually needed. In conventional software engineering this is viewed as software maintenance or upgrade. It is referred to here as foUow-up to emphasize that the process of knowledge-base refinement that begias ia the prototypiag stage can continue even after the system is commissioned. The need for additional detail may come to light only after the appHcation has been ia use for some period of time. The time required to implement such enhancements should be takea iato accouat. 

Evaluate alternatives to upgrade the raw water system valve bos and piping... 

Construction of a new control building was given a completion date of three and a half years, to be coordinated with upgrading the control system. 

Conveying characteristics also will provide useful information when an existing plant needs to be upgraded to achieve say, a higher conveying rate of solids. For example, it will be possible to determine whether the system and the material will be able to cope with the increased pressure and/or air flow requirements (i.e., whether the combination of pipe size and blower/compressor rating will be sufficient). 

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