Discrimination learning

Lione LA, Carter RJ, Hunt MJ, Bates GP, Morton AJ, Dunnett SB. Selective discrimination learning impairments in mice expressing the human Huntington s disease mutation. J Neurosci 1999 19 10428— 10437. 

Winneke G, Brockhaus A, Baltissen R. 1977. Neurobehavioral and systemic effects of longterm blood lead-elevation in rats I. Discrimination learning and open field-behavior. Arch Toxicol 37 247-263. 

Bunck, C.M., T.J. Bunck, and L. Sileo. 1986. Discrimination learning in adult bobwhite quail fed paraquat. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 5 295-298. 

Schellinck, H. M., Arnold, A., Rafuse, V. (2004) Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) null mice do not show a deficit in odor discrimination learning. Behav. Brain Res.152, 327-334. 

Schoenbaum, G., Chiba, A.A. and Gallagher, M. (1999) Neural encoding in orbitofrontal cortex and basolateral amygdala during olfactory discrimination learning. J. Neurosci. 19,1876-1884. 

Rapin JR, Lamproglou I, Drieu K, DeFeudis FV. (1994). Demonstration of the "anti-stress" activity of an extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761) using a discrimination learning task. Gen Pharmacol. 25(5) 1009-16. 

Harder JA, Baker HF, Ridley RM. (1998). The role of the central cholinergic projections in cognition implications of the effects of scopolamine on discrimination learning by monkeys. Brain Res Bull. 

Yamamuro Y, Hori K, Tanaka J, Iwano H, Nomura M. 1995. Septo-hippocampal cholinergic system under the discrimination learning task in the rat a microdialysis study with the dual-probe approach. Brain Res 684(1) 1-7. 

F%. 1 (a) Dose-response curve from rats trained to discriminate between 0.2 mg kg of nicotine and saline. Data are from 13 rats, each tested at least three times at each dose, (b) Block of nicotine (0.2 mg kg ) discrimination by the centrally active nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine (0.25 mg kg ) but not by chlorisondamine at a 0.025 mg kg dose that blocks peripheral nicotinic choUnoceptors but does not penetrate into the CNS (Sal, Saline Nic, Nicotine Csd, Chlorisondamine Mec, Mecamylamine). Chlorisondamine blocks nicotine discrimination when injected intra-cerebroventricularly (Kumar et al. 1987, data not shown). Data shown are for the number of sessions that began with selection of the nicotine-appropriate lever expressed as a percentage of the total number of sessions. Redrawn with permission from Tables 1 and 2 in Morrison CF, Stephenson JA. Nicotine injections as the conditioned stimulus in discrimination learning (1969), Copyright Springer... 

The possible effects of different types and magnitudes of reinforcer on nicotine discrimination have not been studied directly although several types have been used. Typically 45 mg food pellets are used for rats and 25 mg pellets for mice although some groups have used sweetened milk as a liquid reinforcer. However, water reinforcers following restricted access to water could also support nicotine discrimination learning (e.g. Morrison and Stephenson 1969 Sanchez et al. 1998 Zaniewska et al. 2006). Varying restricted access to food has not been shown to... 

Holland PC (1991) Acquisition and transfer of occasion setting in operant feature positive and feature negative discriminations. Learn Motiv 22 366-387 Imperato A, Mulas A, Di Chiara G (1986) Nicotine preferentially stimulates dopamine-release in the limbic system of freely moving rats. Eur J Pharmacol 132 337-338 James JR, Villanueva HE, Johnson JH, Arezo S, Rosecrans JA (1994) Evidence that nicotine can acutely desensitize central nicotine acetylcholinergic receptors. Psychopharmacology 114 456-462... 

Miyata H, Ando K, Yanagita T (2002) Brain regions mediating the discriminative stimulus effects of nicotine in rats. Ann N Y Acad Sci 965 354-363 Morrison CF, Stephenson JA (1969) Nicotine injections as the conditioned stimulus in discrimination learning. Psychopharmacologia 15 351-360... 

Anderson, L.T., Campbell, M., Adams, P., Small, A.M., Perry, R., and Shell, J. (1989) The effects of haloperidol on discrimination learning and behavioral symptoms in autistic children. J Autism Dev Disord 19 227-239. 

Stevens DA, Resnick O, Krus DM The effects of p-chlorophenylalanine, a depleter of brain serotonin, on behaviour, I facilitation of discrimination learning, life Sci 6 2215-2220, 1967... 

Butter, Robert A. 1957a. "Discrimination Learning by Rhesus Monkeys to Auditory Incentives." Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 50 239-41. ------. 1957b. "The Effect of Deprivation of Visual Incentives on Visual Exploration Motivation in Monkeys." Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 50 177-79. 

In addition, it was shown that treatment with EGb (100 mg/kg, in 5% ethanol) reduces the development of the polydipsia induced by the stress of daily handling, anesthetization with ether and oral intubation [112], Rap in et al. [113] have reported that oral treatment with EGb (50 or 100 mg/kg/day, for 20 days) suppresses auditory stress-induced alterations of discrimination learning in both young and old rats EGb was especially effective in decreasing the number of inefficient lever presses and in reducing the reaction time in older animals. Furthermore, treatment with EGb counteracted the auditory stress-induced increases in the plasma concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine and corticosterone in both young and old rats. 

In this chapter, we will examine the multiple roles that CHCs play in a wide variety of behaviors (courtship, mate discrimination, learning, aggregation, dominance), and in factors related to reproduction (fecundity, sex ratio). We will focus on the variety of effects that have been observed, rather than providing an exhaustive account of all hydrocarbons that have been detected in every species of dipteran. A word of warning may be necessary, however most studies have focused on the main compound in a given species, and have tended to neglect the role of quantitatively minor compounds or of ratios. The very success of the model established in the early 1970s, coupled with evidence from our own work in Drosophila, indicates that other aspects of dipteran pheromones may be overlooked. 

Morris RGM (1981) Spatial localization does not require the presence of local cues. Learn Motiv 12 239-260 Porsolt RD, Blavet N, Anton G, Jalfre M (1979) Behavioural despair in rats a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Eur J Pharmacol 47 379-391 Van der Staay FJ (2000) Effects of the size of the Morris water tank on spatial discrimination learning in the CFW1 mouse. Physiol Behav 68 599-602... 

Restivo L, Chaillan FA, Ammassari-Teule M, Roman FS, Marchetti E. 2006. Strain differences in rewarded discrimination learning using the olfactory tubing maze. Behav Genet 36 923-934. 

Pisa M, Cyr J (1990) Regionally selective roles of the rats striatum in modality-specific discrimination learning and forelimb reaching. Behav Brain Res 37 281-292. 

Rrivanek JA, McGaugh JL (1969) Facilitating effects of pre- and post-trial amphetamine administration on discrimination learning in mice. Agents Actions 1 36-42. 

Aiger TG (1988) Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol impairs visual recognition memory but not discrimination learning in rhesus monkeys. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 95 507-511 Al-Hayani A, Davies SN (2000) Cannabinoid receptor mediated inhibition of excitatory... 

Brightness-Discrimination Learning Behavior and Retinal Function Affected by Long-Term a-Linolenic Acid Deficiency in Rat... 

Chapter 13 / Brightness-Discrimination Learning and Retinal Function... 

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