Behavioural despair

D Aquila PS, Collu M, Pani L, et al Antidepressant-hke effect of selective dopamine Dj receptor agonists in the behavioural despair animal model of depression. Eur J Pharmacol 262 107-111, 1994... 

Duterte-Boucher D, Leclere J-F, Panissand C, et al Acute effects of direct dopamine agonists in the mouse behavioural despair test. Eur J Pharmacol 154 185-190, 1988... 

Rossetti ZL, Pani L, Kuzmin A, et al Dihydropyridine calcium antagonists prevent cocaine-, but not amphetamine-, induced dopamine release and motor activity in rats. Acta Physiol Hung 75 (suppl) 249-250, 1990 Rossetti ZL, Lai M, Hmaidan Y, et al Depletion of mesohmbic dopamine during behavioural despair partial reversal by chronic imipramine. Eur J Pharmacol 242 313-315, 1993... 

Hilakivi LA, Taira T, Hilakivi I, Loikas P. Neonatal treatment with monoamine uptake inhibitors alters later response in behavioural despair test to beta and GABA-B receptor agonists. Pharm Toxicol 1988 63 57-61. 

Morris RGM (1981) Spatial localization does not require the presence of local cues. Learn Motiv 12 239-260 Porsolt RD, Blavet N, Anton G, Jalfre M (1979) Behavioural despair in rats a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Eur J Pharmacol 47 379-391 Van der Staay FJ (2000) Effects of the size of the Morris water tank on spatial discrimination learning in the CFW1 mouse. Physiol Behav 68 599-602... 

Porsolt RD, Anton G, Blavet N, Jalfre M. Behavioural despair in rats a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Eur J Pharmacol 1978 47 379-391. 

Pain behaviour comprises consequences of the other three aspects (above) it includes behaviour that is interpreted by others as signifying pain in the victim, e.g. such immediate and obvious aspects as facial expression, restlessness, seeking isolation (or company), medicine-taking, as well as, in chronic pain, the development of querulousness, depression, despair and social withdrawal. 

However, despite this very precious information, which is present in the band structure, there is a little worry. When we stare at any band structure, such as that shown in Fig. 9.8, the overwhelming feeling is a kind of despair. All band structures look similar, well, just a tangle of plots. Some go up, some down, some stay unchanged, some, it seems without any reason, change their direction. Can we understand this What is the theory behind this band behaviour ... 

---