Diffuse alveolar damage

Chronic salicylate toxicity can cause pulmonary injury, leading to respiratory distress. Lung biopsy may show diffuse alveolar damage and fibrosis (20). 

Acute interstitial pneumonia or diffuse alveolar damage in the context of other manifestations of overdose has been described (SEDA-22, 84). 

Late pulmonary complications cover a wide spectrum of disorders and include both obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. Included in these disorders are bronchiolitis obliterans with or without organizing pneumonia, diffuse alveolar damage, and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. 9,80 xjjgj- py consists of steroids, which are... 

FIGURE 3.33 SARS. Lung showing diffuse alveolar damage and SARS-CoV nucleic acids primarily in pneumocytes as seen by colorimetric ISH. (Immunoalkaline phosphatase with naphthol fast red substrate and hematoxylin counterstain original magnification x158.)... 

Mice exposed to 100 % O2 died after 3 or 4 d with diffuse alveolar damage and alveolar oedema (Ba-RAzzoNE et al. 1998). Extensive cell death was evi-... 

The term drug induced pneumonitis includes mainly diffuse alveolar damage, non-specific interstitial... 

Respiratory More cases of respiratory adverse reactions to leflunomide have been reported, manifesting as interstitial pneumonitis [33" ], diffuse alveolar damage with secondary organizing pneumonia [34" ], and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage [35" ]. A review counted 32 cases of leflunomide-induced pneumonitis (not including the one mentioned above) reported in the English language literature [36 ]. 

Usual interstitial pneumonia Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia Organizing pneumonia Diffuse alveolar damage Respiratory bronchiolitis Desquamative interstitial pneumonia Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis/cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (provisional) Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia Acute interstitial pneumonia Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease Desquamative interstitial pneumonia Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia... 

Figure 4 See color insert.) Acute interstitial pneumonitis. (A) Acute diffuse alveolar damage with alveolar walls lined by eosinophilic hyaline membranes and expanded by edema and leukocytes (original magnification, 200x H E stain). (B) Chronic diffuse alveolar damage with interstitial fibrosis and architectural remodeling (original magnification, lOOx H E stain).

Katzenstein ALA. Acute lung injury patterns diffuse alveolar damage and bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia. In Katzenstein and Askin s Surgical Pathology of Non-Neoplastic Lung Disease. 4th ed. Philadelphia WB Saunders,... 

Lee CS, Chen TL, Tzen CY, et al. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with diffuse alveolar damage. CUn Rheumatol 2002 21 391 396. 

Lougheed MD, Roos JO, Waddell WR, et al. Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis and diffuse alveolar damage in textile workers potential role of mycotoxins. Chest 1995 108 1196-1200. 

Organizing Diffuse Alveolar Damage on surgical lung biopsy... 

Beasley MB, Franks TJ, Galvin JR, et al. Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia a histologic pattern of lung injury and possible variant of diffuse alveolar damage. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002 126(9) 1064-1070. 

Matsubara O, Tamura A, Ohdama S, et aL Alveolar basemeDt membrane breaks down in diffuse alveolar damage an immunobistochemical study. Pathol Int 1995 45(7) 473 2. 

Hayashi T, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Fleming M, et al. Immunobistochemical study of metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in the lungs of patients with diffuse alveolar damage and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Pathol 19% 149(4) 1241-1256. 

Guinee D Jr., Fleming M, Hayashi T, et al. Association of p53 and WAFl expression with apoptosis in diffuse alveolar damage. Am J Pathol 1996 149(2) 531-538. 

Adamson A, Perkins S, BrambiUa E, et al. ProUferation, C-myc, and Cyclin Dll expression in diffuse alveolar damage potential roles in pathogenesis and implications for prognosis. Hum Pathol 1999 30(9) 1050-1057. 

Muir TE, Tazelaar HD, Colby TV, et al. Organizing diffuse alveolar damage associated with progressive systemic sclerosis. Mayo Chn Proc 1997 72(6) 639-642. 

Parambil JG, Myers JL, Aubry MC, et al. Causes and prognosis of diffuse alveolar damage diagnosed on surgical lung biopsy. Chest 2007 132(l) 50-57. 

Abbreviations-. ILA, interstitial lung disease RA, rheumatoid arthritis SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus SSc, systemic sclerosis DM, dermatomyositis PM, polymyositis SjS, Sjogren s syndrome MCTD, mixed connective tissue disease NSIP, non-specific interstitial pneumonia UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia OP, organizing pneumonia DAD, diffuse alveolar damage DIP, desquamative interstitial pneumonia LIP, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia. 

Figure 11 (A) and (B) Acute phase of diffuse alveolar damage pattern in a patient with dermatomyositis. The lung shows interstitial and intra-alveolar edema associated with fibrinous exsudate and hyaline membranes (arrow). A, HES 40x. Inset Alveolar duct is filled with loose fibro-inflammatory plug extending within adjacent airspaces. B, HES 40x.

Figure 14 (A) and (B) HRCT appearances in a patient with dennatomyositis, with an acute/subacute presentation. The HRCT abnormalities are indicative of organizing pneumonia with probable underlying diffuse alveolar damage.

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