Design based on ISO

Due to the similarities between the two major codes, design based on ISO 24817 is presented in detail followed by an elaboration of the major differences that exist between ISO and ASME. 

Fig. 23 Monitor design horizontal angular size based on ISO 16505 2015 [2]...

In order to use composites for the repair of damaged pipelines, it is crucially important that they be designed based on a valid code to ensure that sufficient reinforcement has been provided. ASME PCC-2 and ISO/TS 24817 provide required parameters to design a repair system with sufficient stiffness, strength and thickness. The design revolves around the determination of a minimum thickness for the FRP wrap that reinstates the design pressure in the pipe in the presence of other probable loads. 

Different design scenarios that were considered in this smdy are presented in Table 11.3. The erosion/defect was assumed to be circumferential with a constant circumferential depth and the wall thinning was considered in the range of 30—80% in increments of 10%. The maximum allowable internal pressure for the corroded pipe was calculated based on ASME B31.4 considering the remaining wall thickness of the pipe. In the study, the live pressure varied from 0 to 100% of the maximum allowable live pressure in steps of 25%. The minimum laminate thickness for each repair situation was calculated using Eqn (11.1) (based on ISO 24,817 and ASME PCC-2) and Eqn (11.10), as given in Table 11.3. 

A group of computers becomes a network when intercomputer communication is estabhshed. Prior to the 1980s, all system suppliers used proprietaiy protocols to network their systems. Ad hoc approaches were sometimes used to connect third-pai ty equipment, which was not cost-effective in system maintenance, upgrade, and expansion. The recent introduction of standardized protocols has led to a decrease in initial capital cost. Most current DCS network protocol designs are based on the ISO-OSI seven-laver model. 

Certification based on auditing against a quality system standard for design, production final inspection (e.g. ISO 13485)... 

The Cone RHR calorimeter [5] is a more modern instrument, designed to meet the same objectives as the OSU calorimeter. It is now being considered for standardization by ASTM [8] and by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is a very versatile instrument, which allows simultaneous determinations to be made of release of heat, smoke and other combustion products, and of sample mass loss and soot mass formation. The Cone RHR calorimeter can, thus, measure the same properties as the OSU RHR calorimeter, plus a number of other ones based on sample and soot mass. 

A widespread method for determining the induction period for autoxidation of oils and fats consists of passing a continuous stream of air through the heated sample and collecting the volatile acids evolved in a water trap, where they are determined on a real time basis. The time plot usually presents a flat appearance for a certain period and then takes off in an accelerated manner. This test is the basis of several national and international standards (e.g. AOCS Cd 12b-92—oil stability index" ISO 6886—accelerated oxidation test for oxidative stability of fats and oils ) and the design of the Rancimat equipment, where the end determination is based on conductivity measurements . In addition to oxidation stability as determined by the Rancimat method and POV, which negatively affects virgin olive oil stability, other nonstandard properties were proposed for better assessment of the quality of this oil, namely LC determination of Vitamin E (21), colorimetric determination of total polar phenols and UVD of total chlorophyll. ... 

The design of sensitive elements (transducers) is based on the conductive principle of response registration the output signal appears to depend on the conductive properties of the TCNQ compound as a result of its interaction with gas components. The gas-sensitive substance of the transducer has been manufactured from complex TCNQ salts with N-alkylisoquinoUnium cations ([N-C H -iso-Qn] (TCNQ)Q [26]. The substance of the gas sensitive layer is put in contact with copper or silver current feeding electrodes, put on the dielectric substrate manufactured from glass-cloth laminate. 

The official definition of quality is, the totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear upon its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs (ISO 8402). Well-planned design is one of the major contributing factors to achieving quality within a product or service. It is therefore necessary to carefully control critical elements of a company s documentation system with particular reference to each phase of design in order to ensure that the effects on the end products or services are not disastrous and are based on customer requirements. 

This manual documents the quality system, which is based on the exclusion of clause 7.3, revised in accordance with international standard ISO 9001 2000. It is implemented throughout the company and understood at all levels. The entire system is reviewed at least once a year by management reviews to ensure that the system is effective. The system is designed to ensure that ... 

The manual is designed especially for individuals involved in writing and executing quality manuals and applicable procedures. This manual provides a complete, single-source reference which details quality manuals and over 20 explicit procedures based on quality elements described in the ISO 9001 2000 international standard. 

A number of pendulum methods have been standardised over the years but the present ISO standard, ISO 46628 is not based on any particular pendulum design but on giving limits for various parameters. A few years ago, extensive interlaboratory investigations were carried out within TC45 to determine the effect of pendulum parameters on measured resilience and the conclusions from those investigations has led to the present standard. 

Recently, two significant developments have raised the profile of fire toxicity. The first is the development of the steady-state tube furnace (SSTF) (ISO TS 19700 2006), which has been shown to replicate the toxic product yields corresponding to the individual stages of fires. The second is the acceptance of performance-based fire design as an alternative to prescriptive fire regulations, so that architects can specify the components within a building based on a safe escape time, within which toxic and irritant gas concentrations must not approach a lethal level (ISO 13571 2007). 

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