Data shaving

Schreyer, S. K., Parker, C. N., and Maggiora, G. M. (2004) Data Shaving—A Novel Strategy for Analysis of High Throughput Screening Data, J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci., in press. 

In this section, two t5q)ical engineering surfaces, a ground surface and a shaved surface, are employed for the comparison. The original roughness data were measured with an optical profilometer, but the roughness amplitude has been rescaled for the convenience of computation. In simulations, a relatively small load of 50 N is applied to guarantee that asperities will not be completely flattened while other operation conditions are listed in Table 4. 

Plots of boiling points, hunts for data, corrections, slide rules, log paper, eraser dirt, pencil shavings, and all the rest of the paraphernalia that takes the place of tea leaves and crystal spheres in the life of the scientific clairvoyant, were brought into play, he joked. 

R=Ci2-C18 Foam stabilization Emulsifier Solubilizer, antistatic, wetting agent in PPCPs Hair shampoo, liquid soaps, shaving creams and other PPCPs No data found Contradictory data related to they biodegradability [19]. Readily biodegradable [20,21]... 

Selected experiments from Fig. 3 were repeated, but in the presence of such Teflon shavings. Yield data were comparable. Importantly, the recovered catalyst residues became more compact and firmer, despite the added mass of the Teflon , suggestive of genuine physical adhesion or attraction. The catalyst residues were easier to manipulate, and less leaching occurred. 

During the 14 day observation period some rabbits (2-8) died after 8-hour exposure to doses of 775-1,550 mg/kg applied directly to shaved skin (3.2 cm, but no deaths occurred in the 388 mg/kg dose group. The author calculated an LD o of 1,116 mg/kg from these data (Duprat and Gradiski 1978). Central nervous system depression was evident, as manifested by stupor. Some animals were weak and anorexic, while others showed signs of dyspnea and cyanosis. The lungs, liver, and kidneys were congested in animals that died. Death was reportedly due to respiratory or cardiac failure. 

Frequently, hydrates become important in natural gas storage in salt caverns for peak shaving, or seasonal or diurnal volume averaging delivery of gases. The work by deRoo et al. (1983) discusses this process, regarding hydrate formation in high salt concentration, with their data provided in Chapter 6 on methane hydrate inhibited by sodium chloride. 

Similarly, a slower rate of excretion was noted after application of 2,1, 5-T esters to the shaved skin of rats than after oral administration in this species (Ramsey, unpublished data). The rate controlling step was shown to be absorption of the ester through the skin. Once inside the body, the esters were rapidly hydrolyzed to the acid, and the acid was excreted at the same rate as following oral administration of 2,1, 5-T in rats.(29)... 

Is the shaving-recycle technique useful in preparing pure fractions Refer to your data. 

Many commercial ceramic membranes have two three or even four layers in structure and their pore size distributions are similar to that shown in Figure 4.12. It should be noted, however, that determination of those multi-layered, broad pore size distributions is not suaightforward. The major reason for this is the overwhelmingly small pore volume of the thin, fine pore membrane layer compared to those of the support layer(s) of the structure. It is possible, although very tedious, to remove most of the bulk support layer to increase the relative percentage of the pore volumes of the membrane and other thin support layers. Provided the amount of bulk support layer removed is known and the mercury porosimeu data of the "shaved" membrane/support sample is determined, it is feasible to construct a composite pore size distribution such as the one shown in Figure 4.12. 

Among the more interesting and reasonable results published are a series of studies demonstrating the delivery of the melanotropic peptide [Nle", D-Phe ]-ot-MSH across mouse and human skin from a relatively mild formulation consisting of 1 3 v/v PEG 400-PEG 3350. ° In vivo across shaved mouse skin, in fact, it was possible to show induction of melanogen-esis. Unfortunately, however, these data remain at best semiquantitative no actual flux values were measured precluding comparison with other work in the field. 

To date, the M291 SDK has not been used to decontaminate humans exposed to chemical agent. Extensive animal data suggest that the kit will provide significant protection to exposed soldiers. The resin itself was first tested for efficacy in rabbits with shaved backs that were exposed to soman, thickened soman, and VX. Two minutes after exposure, the animals were treated with the resin. The protective ratios were observed to be 2.0, 10.4, and 22.8, respectively (Joiner et al., 1988). 

Mice were treated with a maximum of 0.02% selenium as selenomethionine by topical application of a lotion three times per week for 39 weeks to the shaved back and ears (size of area not specified). The applied dose was 0.29 mg/kg/day. Controls received the lotion without selenium. Dermal effects were not observed in the selenomethionine-treated mice. However, treated animals had significantly higher concentrations of selenium than the controls in the liver and ventral skin away from the application site (Burke et al. 1992b). These data suggest that mice can absorb topically applied selenomethionine, but since the areas were not occluded, some oral absorption during grooming is also possible. 

Renal effects were also noted in a study conducted by Deelman (1962), in which mice were exposed dermally to an unspecified amount of tar applied 6-18 times over 6-7 weeks. "Seriously affected" kidneys were noted, although no details or data were presented. Ten groups of Swiss albino mice received topical applications of 10% benzene solutions of eight petroleum asphalts of known polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon content (Wallcave et al. 1971). An additional group of 15 males and females were painted with benzene only and served as controls. Zones of approximately 1 square inch were shaved in the skin of the back of each animal and the solutions of asphalt were painted in this area 2 times/week with 25 mL of solution (approximately 2.5 mg asphalt per treatment). Amyloidosis was frequently observed in animals receiving asphalt, particularly in the kidney. The potential effect of benzene on the dermal absorption of asphalt components was not evaluated in this study. 

For shampoos, shaving foams and tooth pastes, high stability and definite foam structure is one of the main factors determining the commercial value of the product. In this connection, conventional shampoos include anionics (ammonium or triethanolamine salts of alkylsulphates mixed with alkylolamides of natural fatty acids, e.g. coconut oil acids, as well as amphoteric surfactants and hydrolysed proteins. Detailed patent data on the formulations are given in [80, 110] and other reviews. 

FIGURE 15.1 Effect of non-shaved kombu (NSK) and tororokombu (TK) on pancreatic lipase activity in vitro. Pancreatic lipase (from porcine) activity was measured using a Lipase Kit S according to the manufacturer s protocoL Data are presented as the mean SE (n = 5). p < 0.05, p < 0.005 versus control p < 0.05 NSK versus TK. 

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