Shaving foams

The aerosol container has enjoyed commercial success ia a wide variety of product categories. Insecticide aerosols were iatroduced ia the late 1940s. Additional commodities, including shave foams, hair sprays, antiperspirants, deodorants, paints, spray starch, colognes, perfumes, whipped cream, and automotive products, followed ia the 1950s. Mediciaal metered-dose aerosol products have also been developed for use ia the treatment of asthma, migraine headaches, and angiaa. 

A gas suspended in a liquid is called a foam. Obvious examples include shaving foam (the gas being butane) and the foam layer generated on the surface of a warm bath after adding a surfactant, such as bubble bath . The gas in this last example will be air, i.e. mainly nitrogen and oxygen. 

Gas Liquid Foam Fire extinguisher foam, shaving foam... 

Diverse foam structure applications In foam rubber, foamed polymers, shaving foams, milk shakes, and whipped creams, slowly draining thin liquid films (TLF) are needed. Accordingly, the rate of drainage is the most important factor in such industrial foam applications. 

The first application which comes into mind when thinking about liquid foams is in cleaning processes, such a shampoo or shaving foams. More important, however, are liquid foams in mineral froth flotation and, a closely related process, the de-inking of recycled paper. Other uses include fire fighting. In food we often find foams such as whipped cream or egg whites. 

A foam produced by mechanical agitation on a solid surface. Example the mechanical generation of shaving foam (lather) on a wet bar of soap. 

Parts seldom all have the same dimension (Figure Cl-9). A glance on the microphoto of this shaving foam shows bubbles with diameters from about 0.05 mm up to 0.7 mm a range of a factor of 14. Even so, we often regard structures as if they consist of parts of a single size. Before you do this, think about which size might best characterize your problem. 

In the shaving foam you might be interested in the interface area of the bubbles to understand how much stabilizer is necessary to occupy the interface. The interface area is largely... 

T) grain of sand (g) water molecule (5) wave length of light bacterium 1 bubble (shaving foam) pigment in paint... 

Turn to Chapter 1 and look at the structures of the dyes in the shaving foam described on p. 7.-Comment on the structures in comparison with those in Problem 6 and suggest where-they get their colour from and why they too have extra functional grodps fhen turn to the beginning of Chapter 1 (p. 3) and look at the structures of the compounds in the - spectrum of molecules . Can you see what kind of absorption leads to each colour You will want to think.-, about the conjugation in each molecule but you should not expect to correlate structures with. wavelengths in any even roughly quantitative way. - —. ... 

Cromeen. [Croda Chem. Ltd.] Substituted aftylamine deriv. lanolin acids multifunctional surfactant, foamer, detergent, emulsifier for shampoos, detergents, cleansers, shaving foams. 

Silicone products have many commercial roles. At one end of the market, they are crucial ingredients in personal care products silicones are the components of shampoos and conditioners that improve the softness and silkiness of hair, and are also used in shaving foams, toothpastes, anti-perspirants, cosmetics, hair-styling gels and bath oils. At the other end of the spectrum, silicones find very dilferent applications in silicone greases, sealants, varnishes. 

For shampoos, shaving foams and tooth pastes, high stability and definite foam structure is one of the main factors determining the commercial value of the product. In this connection, conventional shampoos include anionics (ammonium or triethanolamine salts of alkylsulphates mixed with alkylolamides of natural fatty acids, e.g. coconut oil acids, as well as amphoteric surfactants and hydrolysed proteins. Detailed patent data on the formulations are given in [80, 110] and other reviews. 

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