Danube River basin

Znaor, D. Kieft, H. (2000) Environmental impact and macro-economic feasibility of organic agriculture in the Danube River Basin. Proceedings of the 13th International IFOAM Scientific Conference, Basel, Switzerland, pp 160-3. 

Sub-river Basin of the Danube River Basin District (Draft 2)... 

Botterweg, T. and Rodda, D,W. (1999) Danube river basin progress with the environmental programme. Water Science and Technology, 40, 1-8. 

The Danube River Basin is populated by slightly more than 80 million inhabitants. The data are all based on information provided by the States that co-operate under the umbrella of the DRPC. 

Speciation of Heavy Metals in Geological Matter of the Serbian National Parks, Protected Areas and Cities Within the Danube River Basin After the War Conflict in 1999. 

Owing to the combustion of large amounts of chanicals, harmful and hazardous substances, Yugoslavia experienced extreme but short-lived air pollution. Because of leaking of non-inflammable or inflammable substances that did not bum, there was long-term pollution of the soil and surface/ground waters. The pollution in these zones, especially in the Danube River Basin, is a hazard for the further degradation of the environment, and a risk for the human health. 

In addition to these preventive activities that continued during the war, ecological investigations were made in the Danube River Basin targeted by NATO. The environment was continually monitored during and after the war in order to diminish the immediate consequences and imdertake measures to protect environment, lives and human health [4, 3]. 

This paper presents the results of investigahons on the state of the environment in the Danube River Basin, and an evaluation of the consequences of NATO bombing. In order to enable a comparison of the state of the environment prior and after the war, the paper presents the quality of watercourse in endangered locahons prior to the air strikes. 

Keywords Danube River Basin, Sequential extraction, Trace elements... 

The Ramsar site and the important bird area Lonjsko Polje Nature Park (510 km2) represent mainly palustrine-riverine wetlands located within the flood-plains of the Middle Sava river basin (Central Posavina, Croatia). It represents the largest maintained inundation area of all the Danube River catchment and, at the same time, the key facility of the flood control system of the entire Sava river basin (including Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia and Montenegro). 

It was a common view that issues related to sediment balance are of major importance for river basin management, in general, and for the Danube, in particular. 

By contrast, the sediment load of the Danube River has decreased because of reservoir construction, which was started in the Danube basin in the middle of the 20th century (Table 12). These data show marked human-induced decrease in the suspended sediment discharge and concentration with time. Reduction of the suspended sediment load of the Danube River was especially significant after 1971 and 1984, when the Iron-Gate-1 and Iron Gate-II reservoirs were put into operation (Fig. 5). 

The Czech Republic is a landlocked state lying in the middle of a mild band of the northern hemisphere in the centre of Europe. The Czech Republic has state borders with Poland, Germany, Austria and Slovakia. The total length of the state borders is 2290 km, of which 738km are defined by rivers - the so-called wet border . The territory of the Czech Republic is on the basins of three important European rivers - the Elbe, the Odra and the Morava (Danube), dividing the basins of the North Sea, the Baltic and the Black Sea. The Orlice River is one of the rivers which composed the Elbe River basin. 

The Danube is the most international river basin in the world, which makes co-coordinated action even more important and challenging. The strategic importance of the region is increasing in the context of an enlarged Europe. 

The basin of the Danube River with about 200 km3 contributes per year to the receiving Black Sea its flow is as big as the one of the Volga River. 

The catchments area of the Danube River presently covers the territories of Albania, Austria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, Italy, Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Switzerland, Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. 13 of these 18 riparian States hold in the Danube Basin territories bigger than 2,000 km2. 

The Danube river is the main receiving water for the entire Romanian hydrological basin, and its water quality is related with the water quality of its tributaries. The results show greater levels of pesticides at Tumu Magurele and Tulcea, due to the ccxitribution of the Olt and Prut rivers. 

The Black Sea is the world s largest semienclosed marginal sea with permanent anoxic zone (about 85% of the total water volume). Its physical and chemical structure is determined by its hydrophysical balance [1]. The narrow (0.76-3.60 km) and shallow (< 93 m) Bosporus Strait provides the only pathway of water exchange between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. The sill depths of the Bosporus are 32-34 m at the southern end and 60 m at the northern end [2,3]. The seawater that flows out of the Bosporus Strait is the only source of salty water to the basin. Deep-water salinity values increase to S = 22.33 psu. Freshwater inflow from several European rivers (especially the Danube, Dniester, and Dnieper) and brackish water inflow from the Sea of Azov keep the salinity low in the surface layer (S 18.0-18.5 psu in the central region). As a result, the water column is strongly stratified with respect to salinity, and thus density. 

Behrendt, H., van Gils, J., Schreiber, H., and Zessner, M. (2005a). Point and diffuse nutrient emissions and loads in the Danube basin with the revised model. III. Long Term Changes. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. Large Rivers 16, 221-247. 

Abstract. The Danube - Black Sea Region contains the single most important non-oceanic body of water in Europe. Every year, about 350 cubic kilometers of river water pour from the Danube into the Black Sea from an area of 2 million square kilometer basin, covering about one third of the area of continental Europe. Over 160 million people live in this basin. 

Testing a river s sediment enables the reconstruction of events and pollution in the river, since sediment holds onto specific substances that are characteristic of the pollution, unlike the same substances that are freely transported in the downstream current, hi the profile upstream from Novi Sad and the refinery leakage, total hydrocarbons in the sediment were 4.15 mg kg , polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were 0.19 mg kg, and lead was 8.2 mg kg dry matter, which confirms prior pollution in the river from the upstream part of the Danube basin owing to insufficient protection of the water. 

Kalafatic V, Martinovic- 6tanovic V, Tanaskovic M (1989) Evaluation of the Danube water quality near Vinca village from water supply aspect. International conference on water pollution control in the basin of the River Danube, Preconference proceedings, Novi Sad, pp 346-350... 

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