Dakota

Hard red winter (HRW) is an important bread wheat that accounts for more than 40% of the United States wheat crop and wheat exports. This fall-seeded wheat is produced in the Great Plains, which extend from the Mississippi River west to the Rocky Mountains, and from the Dakotas and Montana south to Texas. Significant quantities are also produced in California. HRW has moderately high protein content, usually averaging 11—12%, and good milling and baking characteristics. 

P. K. Herbert andj. C. Loeffler, Proceedings, Opportunities in the Synfue Is Industry SynOps 88, Energy and Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, 1988, p. 141. 

In the United States, about 90% of gold production originates from ores and placer deposits. The remainder is recovered primarily as a by-product of the refining of base metals, chiefly copper. The principal gold producing states are Nevada (60%) and Califomia (10%) followed by Montana, Utah, S. Dakota, Washington, Colorado, Alaska, Idaho, Arizona, and New Mexico (7). 

D. L. Whittkigton, South Dakota Beef Report, Animal and Range Sciences Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, 1986, p. 92. 

A commercial-scale SNG plant, the Great Plains Plant in North Dakota, was actually built and operated for several years using a scheme based on coal. However, upon termination of the government subsidy, the plant s owner, ANR Inc., found it uneconomical to continue plant operation and shut down the plant in the late 1980s. 

North America.. In the United States, lignite deposits are located in the northern Great Plains and in the Gulf states. Subbituminous coal is found along the Rocky Mountains. The western half of North Dakota has about 74% of the nation s resources, Montana 23%, Texas 2%, and Alabama and South Dakota about 0.5% each. The lignite resources to 914 m represent 28% of the total toimage of all coal deposits in the United States. The lower cost and low sulfur content have contributed to rapid growth in production. 

The lignite deposits of North Dakota and Montana extend into Canada as far as Saskatchewan. Canadian deposits are also located in Alberta, Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Ontario, and Manitoba. Production by open-cast mining, ca3.5 x 10 t in 1975, was 10.8 x 10 t in 1989. 

A smooth coal pile surface, coupled with the gradual slope, minimi2es the differential wind pressures and consequent oxygen penetration. A 4-6 X 10 t lignite stockpile from the excavation for the Garrison Dam in North Dakota has been stable for many years as a result of this storage method. 

Thermal drying has been studied in conjunction with a rail shipment of ca 1200 km from North Dakota to Illinois. Oil was appHed at 6-8 L/t to suppress dust loss, and cracks around the doors in the base of the cat were sealed to prevent ignition. Stable shipment and stockpiling were then possible (31). Thermal drying may be carried out to further reduce the moisture content as requited for briquetting or for mote efficient pulverizing and combustion. 

Some North Dakota lignite ashes have also been observed to have above-average concentrations of uranium (21,22), lea ding to interest in processing the ash for uranium recovery. However, this ash may be classified as hazardous. 

Combinations of lignite flyash from North Dakota and hydrated lime can increase the strength and durabiHty of soils. The lime content varies from 2—7% and 1ime flyash ratio from 1 1 to 1 7 (61). Lignite flyash can also be used as a partial replacement for Portland cement to produce strong, durable concrete (62). 

E. A. Noble, N. Dakota Geol Survey Bull 63, 80—85 (1973) D. G. Wyant and E. P. Beroni, Reconnaissance for Trace Elements in North Dakota and... 

Symposia on the Technology md Use of Lignite have been held in conjunction with the University of North Dakota Energy md Environmental Research Center md the preceding organizations. 

The main growing areas for badey are North Dakota, Montana, eastern South Dakota, and western Minnesota six-row badey is predominant. Increasingly significant areas are California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and Colorado, where predominandy two-row badey is produced. Less than one-half of the badey grown in the United States is processed by the malt industry the remainder is used as animal feed, and ca 80% of the badey used by the malting industry is the six-tow variety (2—5) (see Feeds and feed additives, pet foods). 

Ladish Malting Co. Jefferson Junction, Wisconsia Spiritwood, North Dakota 400-600... 

W. W. Wilson, Tarley Production and Marketing in the United States and Canada, Agricultural Economics Misc. Report No. 66, North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, NDSU, Eargo, 1983. 

H. Gehrke, MnO Deposition in Feed/ot Water Tines in South Dakota, Completion Report No. PB-278809 for projects A-048-SDAK and A-058-SDAK, U.S. Dept, of the Interior, Office of Water Research and Technology, Washiagton, D.C., Jan. 1978. 

In 1990, North Carolina produced 60% of the total scrap mica the remainder was produced in Connecticut, Georgia, New Mexico, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and South Dakota. In 1991, the five largest producers produced 67% of the nation s total output (Table 9) (15). 

Lignite. Deposits generally classified as unconventional uranium resources occur in lignite and in clay or sandstone immediately adjacent to lignite. Examples are uraniferous deposits in the Serres Basin, Greece, North and South Dakota in the United States, and Melovoe in the CIS (17) (see... 

Includes Arizona, Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, New York, South Dakota, Tennessee, and Virginia. 

The author wishes to dedicate this work to Mr. T. H. Shen of Yungkoo Paint Varnish Mfg. Co., Taipei, who gave him the rare opportunity of starting a new alkyd plant as the first job assignment for a fresh college graduate, and to the memory of the late chairman of the Department of Polymers Coatings, North Dakota State University, Dr. Alfred E. Rheineck, teacher, mentor, and friend. 

Keeney s laboratory at Pennsylvania State University, and in Table 15, for analyses done at South Dakota University. Where possible, data on more than ... 

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