Cyclic Olefin Copolymers COC

Fibrillated crazes in COC with norbornene as cyclic monomer [3]  

Flomogeneous deformation band with intrinsic fibrillated crazes in a COC  

COC with narrow shear bands and fibrillated crazes between the shear bands  

Type 11 coexistence of broader homogeneous deformation zones and smaller fibrillated crazes (Fig, 1,67)  

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Cyclic olefin-based resists, 15 180 Cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs), 10 180 properties of, 10 181t Cyclic olefin-maleic anhydride (COMA) copolymers, 15 177 Cyclic olefin polymers (COP), 10 180 26 945... 

Cyclic olefin copolymers (COC)s are engineering thermoplastics derived from norbornene. An addition polymer of norbornene was originally described in 1955 (1). 

In our laboratory, polymer CE microchips in combination with EC detection have been successfully used as miniaturised devices for determination of clinically important analytes. As commented in Section 34.1.2, poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) is one of the most used polymers for manufacturing microchips. Recently, cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) such as Topas (thermoplastic olefin polymer of amorphous... 

Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC, poly(norbomene-co-ethylene)) catalyzed by ansa-ethylenebis-(indenyl)zirconium dichloride (Et[Ind](2)ZrCl2)/methyl-aluminoxane (MAO) gives rise to phenomenal increase of Tg upon annealing. Unaveraged solid-state NMR resonance of the CH carbons in the norbor-nene (53 and 49 ppm) evidenced the different conformation conversions. ... 

The most widely used material for fabrication of microfluidic systems, and hence also microfluidic cell culture chips, is PDMS, which in many systems is utilized in combination with glass. PDMS is fabrication wise well suited for prototyping, whereas it is not in the same degree amenable to mass reproduction. A new emerging trend is, however, fabrication using thermoplastic polymers, such as pol5miethylmethacrylate (PMMA), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and polycarbonate (PC), which can be used for... 

Strategy A was later applied for tailoring the surface of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), a transparent polymer of high technological importance. Microfluidic chips made from COC were modified with hydrophilic poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate] grafts, which allowed to reduce nonspecific protein adsorption substantially [15]. 

Cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) are copolymers of ethylene and norbornene (2,2,1 bicycloheptane), made using metallocene catalysts. They are amorphous polymers with excellent clarity, low density, high strength, and stiffness. Currently the major manufacturer is Ticona, which sells them under the trade name Topas. 

General Description Ticona Topas are amorphous, glass-clear copolymers of ethylene and norbomene. Ticona Topas cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) form strikingly clear films. When blended with polyethylene (PE), they enhance the stiffness and heat-seal behavior of blown and cast films and offer high moisture barrier, clarity, and stiflfiiess. The Tieona Topas product line features several grades differentiated by heat deflection temperatures ranging from 80° to 18o°c.[ioi5]... 

Table 31 -01. Physical Properties of Ticona Topas 8007 Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC)...

The first group consists of amorphous thermoplastic engineering polymers. These are cyclic olefin polymers (COP) or cyclic olefin copolymers (COC) with ethylene. They were commercialized, for example, as Zeonex (in 1991) and Zeonar (by Zeon), as Topas (Polyplastics), Apel (Mitsui), and Alton (JSR). Topas was originally part of Ticona, before it was sold to Daicel in 2005. A Topas plant with a capacity of 30,000 tpa started up in Oberhausen, Germany, in September 2000. Until that time, world capacity from 4 pilot-scale plants was around 10,000 tpa. 

In the last fifteen years, ethylene copolymers other than those mentioned above have been produced using metallocene catalysts. These include ethylene-styrene interpolymers, ethylene-norbomene copolymers (a.k.a cyclic olefin copolymers, COC) and EPDM (NORDEL IP from The Dow Chemical Company). 

As glass and quartz exhibit the same surface property as fused-silica capillary, the monolithic materials could be conveniently prepared in a glass- or quartz-based microfluidic device via the same way of monoliths in the capillary. However, glass/quartz devices are rather expensive, and the need for specialized facilities for their fabrication with conventional photolithography technology hinders any rapid modification of the chip architecture. An attractive alternative is using a variety of polymeric materials, such as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), and cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), to fabricate microchips for their mechanical and chemical properties, low cost, ease of fabrication, and high flexibility. 

Typical plastics, including polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), polysulfone (PSU), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), liquid crystal polymers (LCP), polystyrene(PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc., have been used for microfluidics. COC is the most commonly used polymer, accounting for around 80 % of all applications, because of its good optical properties [2]. 

Active manipulation of cells by a combination of 3D microstructures and electric fields (dielectrophoresis) enables selective assembly of viable hepatocytes and endothelial cells in aggregates closely resembling liver sinusoids (Fig. 4, [1]). This device is fabricated by microinjection molding, a technology enabling fabrication in large numbers. It consists of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), which exhibits excellent optical properties and biocompatibility. 

Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is an amorphous polyolefin made by reaction of ethylene and nor-bornene in varying ratios. Its structure is shown in Figure 7.60. The properties can be customized by changing the ratio of the monomers found in the polymer. Being amorphous it is transparent. Other performance benefits include ... 

Copolymers made from a-olefins and cyclic olefins have been known for nearly 50 years (1,2). Ethylene-norbomene (Et-Nb) copoljrmers are specifically described in the patent bterature as long ago as 1973 (3), with further patent filings since then (4-6). The general class of thermoplastic cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs) includes products from Mitsui Chemicals (7), Japan Synthetic Rubber (8), Nippon Zeon (9), and Ticona (10). Some of these products are manufactured by ring-opening metathesis and others by addition polymerization. Only the COCs made by Ticona, a division of Celanese AG, under the trademark Topas, are Et Nb copolymers. These products, for which Ticona started up a 30,000-t plant in September 2000 (11), are described in this article. 

A polymer is a material composed of large macromolecules. These macromolecules are formed by chains of hundreds or thousands of connected (polymerized) monomer molecules. The three main classes of polymers are thermoplastics, elastomers and thermosets. They differ in the degree of cross-linking of their macromolecules -from no cross-linking (thermoplastics) to moderate cross-linking (elastomers, rubbers) to high cross-linking (thermosets). Thermoplastics commonly used in microfluidics include materials like polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or cyclic olefin copolymers (COC). Silicones (like poly-dimethylsiloxane, PDMS) are a typical class of elastomers. Thermosets include photoresist materials like SU-8 and others. 

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