Curcumin stress

Curcumin possesses strong antioxidant capacities, which may explain its effects against degenerative diseases in which oxidative stress plays a major role. As previously described for flavonoids, it is unlikely that curcumin acts as a direct antioxidant outside the digestive tract since its concentration in peripheral blood and organs is very low (near or below 1 pM, even after acute or long-term supplementation). Indeed, it has been shown that the intestinal epithelium limits its entry into the body, as reflected by absorption studies in various models (portal blood perfusion, everted bags). ... 

Curcumin (Fig. 21) is a polyphenol widely used as curry powder and is the main ingredient of turmeric. It can restore the HDAC-2 level from oxidative stress/smoking induced reduction. However, curcumin... 

The anticancer effect of curcumin in murine thymoma cells was found to be due to the blocking of IL-1 signaling by the inhibition of the recruitment of the IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) [Jurrmann et al., 2005]. A recent study showed that curcumin could prevent tumor-induced thymic atrophy in thymic T cells, leading to the neutralization of tumor-induced oxidative stress and the restoration of NF-kB activity and the re-education of the TNF-a signaling pathway, resulting in thymic protection [Bhattacharyya et al., 2007]. 

In another clinical trial, researchers evaluated the effect of oral curcumin with piperine on the pain, and the markers of oxidative stress in patients with tropical pancreatitis (TP). Twenty patients with tropical pancreatitis were randomized to receive 500 mg of curcumin with 5 mg of piperine, or placebo, for 6 weeks, and the effects on the pattern of pain, and on red blood cell levels of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were assessed. There was a significant reduction in the erythrocyte MDA levels following curcumin therapy compared with placebo with a significant increase in GSH levels. There was no corresponding improvement in pain. 

Bhattacharyya S, Mandal D, Sen GS, Pal S, Banerjee S, Lahiry L, Finke JH, Tannenbaum CS, Das T, Sa G. 2007. Tumor-induced oxidative stress perturbs nuclear factor-kappaB activity-augmenting tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated T-cell death Protection by curcumin. Cancer Res 67 362-370. 

Pae HO, Jeong SO, Jeong GS, Kim KM, Kim HS, Kim SA, Kim YC, Kang SD, Kim BN, Chung HT. 2007. Curcumin induces pro-apoptotic endoplasmic reticulum stress in human leukemia HL-60 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Common 353 1040-1045. 

Scapagnini G, Colombrita C, Amadio M, D Agata V, Arcelli E, Sapienza M, Quattrona A, Calabrese Y. 2006. Curcumin activates defensive genes and protects neurons against oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 8 395-403. 

Xu, Y. et al., Curcumin reverses impaired hippocampal neurogenesis and increases serotonin receptor 1A mRNA and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in chronically stressed rats, Brain Res., 1162, 9, 2007. 

Tirkey N, Kaur G,Vij G, Chopra K. Curcumin, a diferuioyimethane, attenuates cyciosporine-induced renai dysfunction and oxidative stress in rat kidneys. BMC Pharmacoi 2005 5 15. 

Sood PK, Nahar U, Nehru B (2011) Curcumin attenuates aluminum-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain. Neurotox Res 20 351-361... 

Motterlini, R., Foresti, R., Bassi, R. and Green, C. J. Curcumin, an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, induces heme oxygenase-1 and protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 28 1303-1312 2000. 

Curcumin Inhibits oxidative stress and DNA damage Jurkat T-ceUs Kelly, M.R. etal., Mut. Res., 485, 309, 2001... 

Enzymes of the SOD family are key regulators of cellular oxidant stress caused by ischemiareperfusion. In particular, the mitochondrial-associated MnSOD enzyme has been implicated in protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Shahed et al. investigated the effect of curcumin compounds on expression of antioxidant enzymes mRNAs in vivo in rat kidney after ureteral obstmction or ischemia-reperfusion injury. Curcumin exhibited renoprotective propeities by modulating the expression of MnSOD. 

Curcumin has been identified as a potent inducer of hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1), a redox-sensitive inducible protein that provides protection against various forms of stress. Curcumin stimulated the expression of Nrf2, an increase associated with a significant increase in HO-1 protein expression and HO-1 activity. ... 

Devasena, T., Rajasekaran, K.N., and Menon, V.P., Bis-l,7-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-hepta-l,6-diene-3,5-dione (a curcumin analog) ameliorates DMH-induced hepatic oxidative stress during colon carcinogenesis, P/jarroaco/. Res., 46 (1), 39 5, 2002. 

In order to protect the aging population from stroke, it is crucial to explore methods that may retard or slow the molecular cascade associated with oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and neuroinflammation. Diet enriched in antioxidant and antiinflammatory agents (curcumin, green tea, and ferulic acid) (Fig. 3.11) may lower the risk of stroke. Many studies indicate that dietary supplementation with fruit or colored vegetable extracts can decrease the age-enhanced vulnerability to oxidative... 

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