Cupric bromide chloride

Cholestane-3/3,5a-diol 3-acetate, 397 Cholestane-4a,5a-diol 4-tosylate, 398 Cholestane-5a,6a-diol 6-tosylate,394 5a-Cholestan-2-one, 57, 88, 427 10(5 4 H)ijAeo-Cholestan-5-one, 398 10(5 6)ij ieo-Cholestan-5-one, 392, 394 5a-Cholestan-3-one cyanohydrin, 359 5a-Cholestan-3-one cyanohydrin acetate, 360 5a-Cholestan-2a,3a-oxide, 42 5a-Cholestan-2/3,3/3-thiirane, 43 Cholest-5-ene-3, 19-diol, 268 Cholest-5-ene-3, 25-diol, 71 5(10->l/3H)flfc eo-cholest- 10(19)-ene-3/8,5a-diol 3-acetate, 397, 398 Cholest-4-ene-3,6-dione, 105 Cholest-4-en-3-one, 318 Chromium trioxide, 147, 150 5a-Conanine-3/3-ol-ll-one 3-acetate, 259 Cupric bromide, 210, 211 Cuprous chloride-catalyzed conjugate addition, 76, 80... 

Kupfer-bromid, n. copper bromide, specif, cupric bromide, copper(II) bromide, -bro-mtir, n. cuprous bromide, copper(I) bromide, -chlorid, n. copper chloride, specif, cupric chloride, copper(II) chloride, -chloriir, n. cuprous chloride, copper(I) chloride, -cyamd, Ti. copper cyanide, specif, cupric cyanide, copper(II) cyanide, -cyaniir, n. cuprous cyanide, copper(I) cyanide, -dom, m. slag from liquated copper, -draht, m. copper wire, -drahtnetz, n. copper gauze, -drehspane,... 

It is thought that the chlorination proceeds through a ir-com-plex between cupric chloride and anthracene, and that this complex then undergoes homolytic dissociation. Hence aromatic rings subject to attack by chlorine atoms can be chlorinated in this way. Thus one can convert pyrene to 1-chloropyrene (90% yield), but phenanthrene is not chlorinated. Analogous procedures using cupric bromide lead to 9-bromoanthracene (99% yield) and 1-bromopyrene (94% yield).7... 

Another preparatively useful procedure for monohalogenation of ketones involves reaction with cupric chloride or cupric bromide.121... 

As was pointed out in Part A, Section 7.3, under many conditions halogenation is faster than enolization. When this is true, the position of substitution in unsymmetrical ketones is governed by the relative rates of formation of the isomeric enols. In general, mixtures are formed with unsymmetrical ketones. The presence of a halogen substituent decreases the rate of acid-catalyzed enolization and therefore retards the introduction of a second halogen at the same site. Monohalogenation can therefore usually be carried out satisfactorily. A preparatively useful procedure for monohalogenation of ketones involves reaction with cupric chloride or cupric bromide.81 82 83 84 85 86... 

Ammino-cupric Bromides.—Cupric bromide, like euprie chloride, absorbs ammonia gas, forming complex ammino-compounds. The following ammines of cupric bromide have been described Hexammino-cupric bromide, [Cu(NH3)6]Br2 pentammino-cupric bromide, [Cu(NH3)5]Br2 diammino-cupric bromide, [Cu(NTI3)2]Br2 and decammino-tricupric bromide, [Cu3(NH3)10]Br8. 

Cumyl Hydroperoxide Cupric Acetate Monohydrate Cupric Arsenite Cupric Bromide, Anhydrous Cupric Chloride Dihydrate Cupric Fluoborate Solution Cupric Green Cupricin... 

Metalated ferrocenes have served as valuable intermediates for the synthesis of a number of other derivatives. Treatment of lithiated ferrocenes with tributyl borate followed by hydrolysis leads to ferroceneboronic acid (XXXIII) as well as the diboronic acid (73). Ferroceneboronic acid, like benzeneboronic acid, is readily cleaved by cupric bromide or cupric chloride to form the corresponding halo derivatives (XXXIV). Ferrocene-l,l -diboronic acid reacts in the same manner, and either one or two carbon-boron bonds can be cleaved. Further reactions of this type have led to a variety of mixed dihaloferrocenes (73, 75). 

The substitution of chlorine by the direct action of bromine is rarely effected. Aluminium bromide, cupric bromide in alcoholic solution or boron tribromide under pressure, convert many alkyl chlorides into alkyl bromides. Mono-chloroacetic acid heated to 150° in a sealed tube with hydrobromic acid or potassium bromide yields mono-bromoacetic acid. 

Di(3-benzo[6]thienyl)methane is obtained by treatment of 3-benzo-[6]thienylmagnesium bromide with 3-chloromethylbenzo [ thiophene.486 Two molecules of 3-benzo[6]thienylmagnesium iodide may be coupled by treatment with cupric chloride,305 but not with cupric bromide or nickel bromide,349 to yield 3,3 -di(benzo[6]thienyl). A claim349 to have prepared the same compound by the Ullmann reaction is probably not justified.305 The Ullmann reaction otherwise seems to be of general application in the benzo [6]thiophene series.87-483 Halobenzo[6]thiophenes76 105 511 can be selectively metallated in the 2-position by the use of w-butyllithium (Section VII). 

They also tried soln. of cupric chloride in acetic acid, formic acid, acetone, and methyl and ethyl alcohols. With 0-37, 0-62, and 0-925 litre of soln. with a mol of cupric bromide, 0-515, 0-120, and 0-000 litre of nitric oxide were respectively absorbed. They also tried soln. of cupric bromide in ethyl alcohol. E. Peligot found that nitric oxide is absorbed by aq. soln. of stannous salts (vide infra) and chromous salts. According to G. Chesneau, a soln. of ckromous chloride absorbs nitric oxide in the ratio CrCl2 NO=3 1, and the blue liquid becomes dark red. When heated, the nitric oxide is not expelled as in the case of ferrous salts, but the liquid becomes greenish-brown, and the nitric oxide is reduced to ammonia or hydroxylamine. The action of nitric oxide on soln. of chromous salts was also studied by V. Kohlschiitter, and J. Sand and O. Burger. 

Ores of copper native copper, cuprite, chalcocite, chalcopyrite, malachite, azurite. Metallurgy of ores containing native copper, oxide and carbonate ores, sulfide ores. Gangue, flux, flotation, roasting of ores, matte, blister copper. Cupric compounds copper sulfate (blue vitriol, bluestone), Bordeaux mixture, cupric chloride, cupric bromide, cupric hydroxide. Test for cupric ion with Fehling s solution. Cuprous compounds cuprous chloride, cuprous bromide, cuprous iodide, cuprous oxide. Covalent-bond structure of cuprous compounds. 

Tetrafluoropyrazine has been converted to 2,3,5-trifluoro-6-hydrazinopyrazine and thence to 2-chloro- and 2-bromo-3,5,6-trifluoropyTazine by reaction with ferric chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid and cupric bromide in aqueous... 

V. Braun reaction Cyanogen bromide. Phosphorus tribromide. Piperidine. Thionyl chloride. Bromination Aluminum bromide. Aluminum chloride. Boron tribromide. Bromine chloride. N-Bromocaprolactam. N-Bromosuccinimide. Bromotrichloromethane. Cupric bromide. Dibenzoyl peroxide. l,3-Dibromo-5,5-diraethylhydantoin. 1,2-Dibromotetrachloromethane. HBr-scavengers acetamide and potassium chlorate. Iodine. Iodine monobromide. Iron. Mercuric acetate. Phenyl trimethylammonium perbromide. Phosphorus trichloride. Pyridine. Pyridine perbromide. Pyridinium hydrobromide perbromide. Silver sulfate. Sodium acetate. Sodium hypobromite. Sulfur. Sulfur monochloride. Tetramethylaramonium tribromide. M-Tribromoacetophenone. Trichloromethane sulfonyl bromide. Trilluoroacetyl hypobromite. Triphenylphosphine dibromide. 

In a one-pot synthesis of a-halo-a,p-unsaturatcd carboxylates from dialkyl l-(ethoxycarbo-nyl)methylphosphonate, the intermediate 1-chloro- and 1-bromo-l-(ethoxycarbonyl)methylphos-phonates were prepared by halogenation of sodium salt of dialkyl l-(ethoxycarbonyl)methylphos-phonates with NCS or NBS in THF at room temperature. Cupric chloride and cupric bromide have proved to be efficient reagents for the chlorination or bromination of sodium diethyl 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)ethylphosphonate in DMSO at room temperature in high yields (91%). ... 

Coupling of 9-methoxy-IO-methylanthracene.10 Both cupric chloride and cupric bromide convert 9-methoxy-10-methylanthracene (1) into the coupled product (4). It is suggested that the reaction proceeds by attack on the methyl group to give... 

Xanthones. Xanthone is formed in 50% yield when o-phenoxybenzalde-hyde is heated in nitrobenzene with either cupric bromide or cupric chloride. The radical (a) is a probable intermediate. Xanthones are also formed, but in low... 

Perfluoro-(l-methylpropenyl)silver undergoes very slow halogen exchange with bromotrichloromethane and 1,2-dibromotetrachloroethane, but gives the tranj-olefins CF3-CF CX CFa (X = Br or H) essentially quantitatively with bromine, water, or hydrogen chloride, and is alkylated with methyl iodide. With cupric bromide it is coupled, presumably via the copper compound CF3 CF CCu-CF3, to give the trfl j,/ra j-isomer of (149). ... 

Consequently, a suspension of copper sulfide is completely clarified by cyanides. This fact may be used to detect cyanides even in the presence of ferrocyanides, ferricyanides, iodides, bromides, chlorides, and thiocyanates. The test may be made on paper impregnated with cupric sulfide the sensitivity is greater. 

The catalyst systems that are effective for the polymerization of benzene include aluminum chloride-cupric chloride, aluminum bromide-cupric bromide, and antimony chloride-cupric chloride [57-60]. It has been reported that Cu(AlCl4)2, which is prepared by heating a mixture of aluminum chloride (2.0 g) with copper(II) chloride (1.0 g) at 240°C for 10 h in a glass ampule, reacts with benzene at 20°C to give poly(p-phenylene) in a high yield (92% yield in a 2-h reaction) [61]. 

Loaded Adsorbents. Where highly efficient removal of a trace impurity is required it is sometimes effective to use an adsorbent preloaded with a reactant rather than rely on the forces of adsorption. Examples include the use of 2eohtes preloaded with bromine to trap traces of olefins as their more easily condensible bromides 2eohtes preloaded with iodine to trap mercury vapor, and activated carbon loaded with cupric chloride for removal of mercaptans. 

The arylation of alkenes by treatment with a diazonium chloride (or bromide) solution and cupric chloride (or bromide) is called the Meerwein arylation reaction, after its discoverer (Meerwein et al., 1939). Originally, it was discovered using a,P-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, namely coumarin (Scheme 10-43) and cinnamic derivatives (Schemes 10-44 and 10-45). As Scheme 10-45 shows, the Meerwein reac-... 

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