Corrosive gases

Fluorine is the most electronegative and reactive of all elements. It is a pale yellow, corrosive gas, which reacts with most organic and inorganic substances. Finely divided metals, glass, ceramics, carbon, and even water burn in fluorine with a bright flame. 

Compatibility and Corrosion. Gas turbine fuels must be compatible with the elastomeric materials and metals used in fuel systems. Elastomers are used for O-rings, seals, and hoses as well as pump parts and tank coatings. Polymers tend to swell and to improve their sealing abiUty when in contact with aromatics, but degree of swell is a function of both elastomer-type and aromatic molecular weight. Rubbers can also be attacked by peroxides that form in fuels that are not properly inhibited (see Elastomers, synthetic Rubber, natural). 

Condensers may be of one or two general types depending on the specific application. Contact condensers operate with the coolant, vapors, and condensate intimately mixed. In surface condensers, the coolant does not come in contact with either the vapors or the condensate. The usual shell-and-tube condenser is of the surface type. Figure 29-14 illustrates a contact condenser which might be used to clean or preclean a hot corrosive gas. 

The determination of the first bending critical speed is well established however, there is also concern with regard to the rotor support system s sensitivity to exciting forces. These come from unbalance and/or gas dynamic forces arising during operation in service. Operation with dirty corrosive gas will soon cause rotor unbalance. The rotor dynamics verification test is concerned with synchronous excitaticm, namely unbalance. The test must also verify that the separation margins are to specification. 

Nitrous oxide is a colourless, non-flammable, non-corrosive gas with a sweetish odour and taste. It is prepared both in the laboratory and on a commercial scale by heating ammonium nitrate ... 

Bameby Sutcliffe Site describes company providing activated carbon, air purification, solvent recovery, emission control, remediation, odor control, corrosive gas control, pollution control, air filterr, and distillation equipment. http //www.bscarbons.com... 

Caution Nitrosyl chloride is an extremely corrosive gas, and all operations with it should be carried out in a hood. 

Sufur rapidly oxidizes to sulfur dioxide in the combustion chamber, Some of this sulfur dioxide undergoes further oxidation to produce the very corrosive gas sulfur trioxide. The conversion rate is fairly low and is dependent on several factors, including ... 

Sulfur dioxide A toxic and corrosive gas emitted continuously in dilute form, principally from the burning of fossil fuels. 

The reaction of hydrogen and bromine produces hydrogen bromide, a highly corrosive gas ... 

The rate of chlorite bleaching increases as pH decreases, but only between pH 2 and 9 is the rate proportional to the concentration of chlorous acid present in solution. At low pH values, evolution of the noxious and corrosive gas chlorine dioxide increases. In practice it is necessary to keep the pH above 3 in order to minimise the formation of chlorine dioxide. It is necessary to monitor the pH during chlorite bleaching because acid is liberated by the... 

Sulfur dioxide is a colorless, poisonous corrosive gas. It causes coughing and nose, throat and lung irritation, even in small quantities. A primary consequence of releasing S02 into the air is the production of acid rain ... 

Hydraulic (Liquid Seal) Flame Arresters Hydraulic (liquid seal) flame arresters are most commonly used in large-pipe-diameter systems where fixed-element flame arresters are either cost-prohibitive or otherwise impractical (e.g., very corrosive gas or where the gas contains solid particles that would quickly plug a conventional arrester element). These arresters contain a liquid, usually water-based, to provide a flame barrier. Figure 23-62 shows one design. Realistic tests are needed to ensure performance, as described in EN 12874 [15]. Note that hydraulic flame arresters may fail at high flow rates, producing a sufficiently high concentration of gas bubbles to allow transmission of flame. This is distinct from the more obvious failure mode caused by failure to maintain adequate liquid level. 

Methanol would allow a transitional phase where some fuel cell vehicles use methanol, which is relatively simple to reform and would not present too big a change from our current system. However, methanol is toxic and very corrosive. Gas stations would need to be retrofitted to operate with it (new fuel tanks and fuel lines.) But, many gas station tanks are already methanol- compliant. 

The C02 transported and stored is generally assumed to be of such purity that it can be judged as a non-toxic and non- or low-corrosive gas. Given these classifications, the properties of the C02 should not impose a risk to prevent transport and storage activities. The processes required to reach these properties will, however, influence the economics of the facility. 

This glass furnace iFig. 24) can be operated with non-corrosive gas atmospheres, e.g. helium, air, nitrogen, etc. Nitrogen is used as a coolant. The heating device F/E allows the speed of vapori-... 

For investigations on dry and wet corrosion of metals and other materials additional components must be used. Shielding and protection of the balance parts against the corrosive gas is necessary. 

Physical Form. Pale yellow liquid at temperatures below 40.3°C pungent, corrosive gas at temperatures above 40.3°C. 

Little was done with this new material until the military, working on the atomic bomb, needed a special material for gaskets that would resist the corrosive gas uranium hexafluoride, which was one of the materials used to make the atomic bomb. General Leslie Groves, responsible for the U.S. Army s part in the atomic bomb project, had learned of DuPont s new inert polymer and had DuPont manufacture it for them. 

Oil-sealed pumps are already quite satisfactorily protected against corrosion due to the oil film which will be present on all the component surfaces. Corrosion is defined here as the electrochemical dissolution of metals, i.e. the release of electrons by the metal atom and their acceptance by the oxidation agent (corrosive gas). A metal atom which is susceptible to corrosion must therefore be exposed to an active atom of the oxidation agent. 

Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride, HF, mw 20.01 colorless, corrosive gas which forms at temp below 19.4°, colorless, fuming, corrosive, poisonous liquid, producing painful burns on the skin. It freezes at -83° and its sp gr is 0.988 at 3.6° (Lange). Both gas and liquid consist of associated molecules the vapor density corresponds, to HF only at high temps. 

Division 2.2 Non-flammable, non-poisonous compressed gas Division 2.3 Gas poisonous by inhalation Division 2.4 Corrosive gas Class 3 Flammable liquid and Combustible liquid... 

Sulfur tetrafluoride is a colorless, highly reactive, toxic, and corrosive gas which has an odor resembling that of sulfur dioxide. It has an LD50 of 50 ppm (4 h) and at higher concentrations the clinical signs are severe animals receiving lethal amounts show pulmonary edema on autopsy. Sulfur tetrafluoride liberates hydrogen fluoride and thionyl fluoride on exposure to moisture and causes burns on unprotected skin areas.1... 

Unfortunately, the fumes killed his mother s best roses, and again he was made aware of his mother s displeasure. One day, he went to Helen Thayer and told her that chemistry is at a low ebb at home today. He had asked his father to buy him a small lecture-bottle of a corrosive gas from a chemical-supply house. His father complied and took the material to his Boston law-office, where, somehow, the cylinder began to leak one whole wing of the building had to be evacuated in the dead of winter. It is typical of the family that none of these mishaps dampened his parents encouragement of Hewitt s scientific curiosity. 

The hydrogen sulfide, H2S, produced by people is a corrosive gas that over time can cause harm to the artwork. 

Caution Molecular F2 is a very toxic and corrosive gas the reactions should be carried out in an efficient fume hood and the handler should be familiar with the correct precautions. A reaction apparatus for working with elemental F2 is recommended.22... 

Butene is a colorless, flammable, non corrosive gas. Because 1-butene has a very low flash point, it poses a strong fire and explosion hazard. 

---