Corrosion in Oil and Gas Products

Corrosion has been widely experienced in the oil and gas industry. In the following, the main corrosion processes in oil and gas phases are discussed. 

First of all it must be emphasized that corrosion is likely to occur only in the water phase, as the oil phase is considered non-conosive. Consequently, the presence of free water is necessary for corrosion to occur, i.e. vaporized water in streams at temperatures above the dew point are considered non-corrosive. 

In addition, it is necessary, especially for mixed phase streams (oil -I- gas -I- water) to verify the water wetting of materials, in fact, if water is confined in the middle of the stream, or trapped by oil, no corrosion attack may develop. The principle factors controlling corrosion are  

Corrosion and Materials Selection A Guide for the Chemical and Petroleum Industries, First Edition. Aliieza Bahadori. 2014 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Published 2014 by John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 

Additional factors influencmg corrosion rates in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants including offsite facilities and pollution control facilities are  

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CO2 Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production Selected papers and Abstracts, NACE, Houston (1984)... 

Predict, prediction of corrosion in oil and gas production and transmission environments Socrates, selection of materials for oil and gas production service... 

Corrosion in oil and gas production varies from location to location. Corrosion can be classified into one of three general categories of internal corrosion caused by the product fluids and gases, external corrosion caused by exposure to groundwater or seawater, and atmospheric corrosion caused by salt spray and weathering offshore. Of these, internal corrosion is the most costly as internal mitigation methods cannot be easily maintained and inspected. 

Houghton CJ, Westermark RV. Downhole corrosion mitigation in Ekofisk (North Sea) field. In CO2 Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production, Selected Papers, Abstracts, and References. Houston NACE Task Group T-1-3,1984. 

K. D. Efird, Galvanic corrosion in oil and gas production. In Galvanic Corrosion, ASTM STP 978, edited by... 

Crolet, J.-L. amd Bonis, M. R., pH Measurements in Aqueous CO2 Solutions under High Temperature and Pressure, Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production, L. E. Newton et al, Eds, National Association of Corrosion Engineers, Houston, TX, 1984, pp. 178-184. 

NACE Recommended Practice RP 0192-92, Monitoring Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production with Iron Counts (item 21053). 

In some wells, it is possible to obtain an indication of downhole corrosion by analysis of produced fluids for iron. This method is described in NACE Standard Practice for Monitoring Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production with Iron Counts (RP0192). It has been used effectively for monitoring inhibition in wells where corrosion follows a general, nonlocalized pattern, and where the corrosion products are water-soluble (e.g., in sweet wells). 

J. A. M. de Reus, E. L. J. A. Hendriksen, M. E. Wilms, Y. N. Al-Habsi, W. H. Dumie and M. A. Gough, Test methodologies and field verification of corrosion inhibitors to address under deposit corrosion in oil and gas production systems , NACE Corrosion/2005, paper no. 288 (2005). 

L. Smith 1999. Control of corrosion in oil and gas production tubing. British Corrosion Journal 34 (4), 247 - 253. 

Edited by J. W Palmer, W Hedges and J. L. Dawson on behalf of Working Party 13 on Corrosion in Oil and Gas Production... 

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