Corrosive battery fluid

Battery acid Battery fluid, acid, 8 Battery fluid, alkali, 8 Battery-powered equipment, 9 Battery-powered vehicle, 9 Battery, wet, filled with acid or alkali with automobile (or named self-propelled vehicle or mechanical equipment containing internal combustion engine) Battery, wet, with wheelchair Cells containing sodium, 4.3 Corrosive battery fluid Electric storage batteries Electrolyte (acid) for batteries Electrolyte (acid or alkali) for batteries Electrolyte (alkali) for batteries Heat producing article, battery operated equipment, 9 Lithium batteries, 9 Lithium batteries contained in equipment, 9 Lithium batteries packed with equipment, 9 M86 fuel, 3.2... 

Batteries that require a liquid electrolyte are called wet batteries. Corrosive battery fluid refers to either acid electrolytes syn. battery acid, like the common lead-acid automobile battery which uses a solution of sulphuric acid, or alkali electrolytes syn. alkaline corrosive battery fluid, like potassium hydroxide (1310-58-3) solutions in nickel-cadmium and other alkaline battery systems. Dry batteries or dry cells, like all primary batteries, use electrolytes immobilized in pastes, gels, or absorbed into separator materials. Some batteries are loaded with a dry, solid chemical (e.g., potassium hydroxide) which is diluted with water to become a liquid electrolyte. The hazards associated with handling and transportation prior to use are thereby reduced. 

Aqueous corrosion is most readily understood in terms of a dead-shorted battery or electrochemical cell consisting of two half cells (Fig. 1.5). In comparison with the battery, the solution or electrolyte above the corroding metal is the battery fluid, and the metallic path between the anodic site (exposed metal) and the cathodic site (for example, an area of adherent-conducting oxide) is the external circuit. At the anodic site, the net oxidation reaction is M —> Mm+ + me, and at the cathodic site, the generalized net reduction reaction is Xx+ + xe —> X. As a consequence of the transfer of ions and electrons at each interface, differences in electrical potential, A( )a and A(f>c, develop between the metal and the solution at the anodic and cathodic sites, respectively, where... 

Corrosion - [AMMONIA] (Vol 2) - [CORROSION AND CORROSION CONTROL] (Vol 7) -analysis by Mnssbauer spectroscopy [SPECTROSCOPY, OPTICAL] (Vol 22) -of batteries pATTERIES - PRIMARY CELLS] (Vol 3) -condensate systems treatment [WATER - INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT] (V ol 25) -control m drilling muds EETROLEUM - DRILLING FLUIDS] (Vol 18) -m cooling systems [WATER - INDUSTRIAL WATER TREATMENT] (Vol 25) -detection by NDE [NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATTON] (Vol 17) -during sterilization [STERILIZATION TECHNIQUES] (Vol 22) -effect on distillation piSTILLATION] (Vol 8)... 

Lithium hazards Lithium also presents some potential problems when used in a wet environment. The tremendous activity of lithium makes it dangerously reactive with a variety of compounds, including water. If the battery pack is not adequately sealed against the body s corrosive fluids, the resulting exothermic reaction of lithium in water accompanied by the production of H2 gas could have serious consequences. 

The combination of favorable properties of PANI and TiO opens the possibility for various applications of PANI/TiO nanocomposite materials, such as piezoresistivity devices [41], electrochromic devices [99,118], photoelectrochemical devices [43,76], photovoltaic devices/solar cells [44,50,60,61,93,119], optoelectronic devices/UV detectors [115], catalysts [80], photocatalysts [52,63,74,75,78,84,87,97,104,107,121,122,125], photoelectrocatalysts [122,123], sensors [56,61,65,69,85,86,95,120,124], photoelectrochemical [110] and microbial fuel cells [71], supercapacitors [90,92,100,109,111], anode materials for lithium-ion batteries [101,102], materials for corrosion protection [82,113], microwave absorption materials [77,87,89], and electrorheological fluids [105,106]. In comparison with PANI, the covalently bonded PANI/TiO hybrids showed significant enhancement in optical contrast and coloration efficiency [99]. It was observed that the TiO nanodomains covalently bonded to PANI can act as electron acceptors, reducing the oxidation potential and band gap of PANI, thus improving the long-term electrochromic stability [99]. Colloidal... 

Corrosive It corrodes metals or has a very high or low pH, i.e., rust removers acid or alkaline cleaning, degreasing, or plumbing fluids and acid from batteries. 

Environmental stress craeking (ESC) or stress corrosion cracking (SCC) seemed the most likely cause of the brittle cracks seen in the retained samples, but no records had been kept by the hospital of what fluids the conneetors had made eontact during service. Polycarbonate is sensitive not just only to solvent eraeking, such as those seen on battery cases, but to a range of other eommon liquids that are likely to be found in hospitals, as previous studies had shown. 

The version with circulating liquid electrolyte has the following advantages (1) it becomes much simpler to maintain the water balance in the cell, since there is no chance for the electrodes to dry out, and the electrolyte flow can be used to eliminate product water (2) the electrolyte flow can also be used to eliminate heat, so that special cooling plates or loops for a cooling fluid are not required (3) the electrolyte flow serves to level any gradients of electrolyte concentration that could arise within an individual cell or within the battery and (4) the electrolyte flow may serve to eliminate foreign matter (e.g gas bubbles, corrosion products, insoluble carbonates) that mrns up in the liquid. 

They dissolve metals or other materials, or burn the skin. Examples of such corrosive wastes include rust removers, waste acid or alkaline cleaning fluids, and waste battery acid. 

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