Meta-analysis studies coronary heart disease

Ye Z, Song H. Antioxidant vitamins intake and the risk of coronary heart disease meta-analysis of cohort studies. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2008 15(l) 26-34. 

Dauchet, L. et al., Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of coronary heart disease a meta-analysis of cohort studies, J. Nutr., 136, 2588, 2006. 

Hyperlipidemia has not clearly been established as a risk factor for stroke, although it is a modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease. Recent studies show that statin use may reduce the incidence of a first stroke in high-risk patients (e.g., hypertension, coronary heart disease, or diabetes) including patients with normal lipid levels. A recent meta-analysis showed a 25% risk reduction for fatal and non-fatal strokes with statin use.4 Patients with a history of MI, elevated lipid levels, diabetes, and... 

He, K., Song, Y., Daviglus, M. L., Liu, K., Van Horn, L., Dyer, A. R., and Greenland, P. (2004). Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortality. A meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation 109,2705-2711. 

Huxley RR, Neil HAW. 2003. The relation between dietary flavonol intake and coronary heart disease mortality A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. 

Many studies published during the last few decades have suggested that hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and thromboembolic disease. The Homocysteine Studies Collaboration metaanalysis of 30 studies concluded that elevated tHcy is a moderate risk factor for ischemic heart disease a level 3 xmol/L lower reduces the risk with an odds ratio of 0.89 (95% Cl = 0.83-0.96). The same was true for homocysteine as a risk factor for stroke (odds ratio = 0.81 95%5CI = 0.69-0.95) (6). A meta-analysis of 40 studies of the MTHFR 677 C > T polymorphism demonstrated a mildly increased risk of coronary heart disease with an odds ratio of 1. 16 (95% Cl = 1.05-1.28) (25). 

Danesh J, Whincup P, Walker M et al. (2000). Chlamydia pneumoniae IgG litres and coronary heart disease prospective study and metaanalysis. British Medical Journal 321 208-213 Danesh J, Whincup P, Walker M (2003). Chlamydia pneumoniae IgA litres and coronary heart disease prospective study and meta-analysis. European Heart Journal 24 881 Danesh J, Lewington S, Thompson SG et al. (2005). Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and non-vascular mortality an individual participant meta-analysis. Journal of American Medical Association 294 1799-1809 Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/ Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group (2003). 

Wheeler JG, Keavney BD, Watkins H et al. (2004). Four paraoxonase gene polymorphisms in 11 212 cases of coronary heart disease and 12 786 controls meta-analysis of 43 studies. Lancet 363 689-695... 

Erkkila AT, Lehto S, Pyorala K, Uusitupa MI. n-3 fatty acids and 5-y risks of death and cardiovascular disease events in patients with coronary artery disease. Am. J. CUn. Nutr. 2003 78 65-71. He K, Song Y, Daviglus ML, Liu K, Van Horn L, Dyer AR, Greenland P. Accumulated evidence on fish consumption and coronary heart disease mortaUty a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Circulation 2004 109 2705-2711. 

Coenzyme QIO is a powerful antioxidant naturally occurring in the mitochondria of myocardium, and it is an electron carrier in the mitochondrial synthesis of ATP. Patients with heart failure have lower myocardial levels of coenzyme QIO, but supplementation has been demonstrated to have variable benefits in randomized controlled trials. One meta-analysis on the use in congestive heart failure showed improvements in stroke volume, ejection fraction, cardiac output, cardiac index, and end diastolic volume index. " Another antioxidant associated with beneficial effects in cardiac patients is lycopene, a natural constituent of tomatoes. Lycopene is the major carotenoid found in human serum, and epidemiological studies have indicated an effect of dietary supplementation in reducing heart disease. Few dietary interventions have been reported one study showed a mild but significant hypocholesterolemic effect, and another showed a significant reduction in LDL oxidation. " Animal studies show an antiatherogenic effect of DHEA, and a review of the clinical trials and studies on DHEA in males with coronary heart disease reported a favorable or neutral effect. Plasma levels of DHEA are decreased in patients with chronic heart failure in proportion to its severity. ... 

He J, Vupputuri S, Allen K, Prerost MR, Hughes J, Whelton PK. Passive smoking and the risk of coronary heart disease—a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. N Engl J Med 1999 340(12) 920-6. 

The best overall evidence of the safety of diuretics in old people comes from the large-scale outcome trials in hypertensive patients (11,13,15,17,18). These studies in over 10000 subjects aged over 60 years showed clearly that thiazide-based treatment reduces the risk of stroke, coronary heart disease events, and cardiovascular events in older hypertensive patients. A meta-analysis (163) of randomized trials lasting at least 1 year and involving 16164 individuals aged at least 60 years showed that diuretics were superior to beta-blockers with regard to all endpoints (stroke, coronary heart disease events, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality). The beneficial effects noted in these trials should dispel any doubts about the safety and efficacy of diuretics in old people. 

Danesh j and Appleby P (1999) Coronary heart disease and iron status meta-analysis of prospective studies. Circulation 99 852-854. 

Alcoholic drinks, especially wine, have been extensively studied for their possible benefits on CVD prevention. A number of metanalyses have recently been published to establish accurate evidence. Di Castelnuovo et al. in 2002 performed a meta-analysis of 26 studies on the relationship between wine or beer consumption and vascular risk. From 13 studies involving 209,418 persons, wine intake was associated with reduced relative risk of vascular disease compared with non-drinkers. From 10 studies involving 176,042 persons a J-shaped relationship between different amounts of wine intake and vascular risk became apparent. Similar observations were derived for another metanalysis of 15 studies including 116,702 subjects. Corrao et al. in 2004 reported threshold values of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. For coronary heart disease, a J-shaped relation was observed with a minimum relative risk at 20 g/day, a significant protective effect up to 72 g/day, and a significant increased risk at 89 g/day. 

Zhao, Y, Ma, Y, Fang, Y, et al., 2012. Association between PONl activity and coronary heart disease risk a meta-analysis based on 43 studies. Mol. Genet. Metab. 105, 141-148. 

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