Maintenance contracts

Contraceptives, oral Contract maintenance Contrast agents... 

Supplementing In-House Organizations with Contract Maintenance... 

If so, work with the toller to evaluate the com-patihility of the new contract maintenance personnel. 

Is maintenance provided by m house maintenance or contract maintenance ... 

The cause of the explosion, which also left four people seriously injured and 31 others with minor injuries, is unknown. A Hoechst Celanese spokesman says that the first blast occurred near a gas-fired boiler and the second blast at a nearby reactor in which butane is reacted with steam to produce acetic acid. The 35-year-old plant employs 600 persons, 150 as contract maintenance and construction workers, but the blasts on Saturday only involved a weekend crew of 60. 

If a work request is received that requires an outside contractor, the work order should immediately be assigned and issued to the contract maintenance liaison supervisor or other designated representative once the shutdown is approved. Do not hold until the outage assignment meeting. 

More than 99% of total body calcium is found in bone the remaining less than 1% is in the ECF and ICE Calcium plays a critical role in the transmission of nerve impulses, skeletal muscle contraction, myocardial contractions, maintenance of normal cellular permeability, and the formation of bones and teeth. There is a reciprocal relationship between the serum calcium concentration (normally 8.6 to 10.2 mg/dL [2.15 to 2.55 mmol/L]) and the serum phosphate concentration that is regulated by a complex interaction between parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and calcitonin. About one-half of the serum calcium is bound to plasma proteins the other half is free ionized calcium. Given that the serum calcium has significant protein binding, the serum calcium concentration must be corrected in patients who have low albumin concentrations (the major serum protein). The most commonly used formula adds 0.8 mg/dL (0.2 mmol/L) of calcium for each gram of albumin deficiency as follows ... 

Maintenance may be handled either by employees hired especially for that job or by an outside contractor. The latter is most economical when workers in most trades are needed only occasionally. The company does not need to hire these workers full time, but still has their talents available when they are needed. Even in a large plant where a number of employees skilled in each maintenance trade are needed full time, contract maintenance may be used as a supplement at times of turnarounds (a planned time when large continuous plants are shut down to do preventive maintenance, repairs, and inspections) or especially heavy demands. For instance, during the turnaround of a 140,000 bbl/day (22,000 m3/day) Tidewater Oil Company refinery, the number of maintenance personnel rose from a preshutdown level of 181 to 924 men.48 Fewer men could have been used, but the downtime of the refinery would have been increased. In this instance the plant contracted for all of its maintenance. 

Contract maintenance personnel cost more than plant personnel doing the same job. In 1967, it was estimated that the average contract person s services cost 4.71 per hour, while plant maintenance men cost 3.62 per hour.49... 

Jordan, J.H. How to Evaluate the Advantages of Contract Maintenance, Chemical Engineering, Mar. 25, 1968p. 124. 

Any person who has or may possibly have information relating to an incident should be considered a potential witness. This concept extends heyond the traditionally identified people who were direct participants or eyewitnesses to the occurrence. Indirect witnesses, such as regularly assigned service personnel who are not operations personnel, often contribute valuable information. Examples of this group include workers from maintenance, contract maintenance, laboratory, janitorial, and shipping. Occasionally regular delivery personnel who routinely visit the process unit are familiar with some aspects of what was normal routine and may have noticed some unusual condition, remark, or actions. These people should not he ignored, because they have the potential to contribute valuable information that can help resolve mysteries that would otherwise remain unresolved. 

In-house maintenance services at the toller site become an outsourced function. The client company must determine if their toll will be impacted. If so, work with the toller to evaluate the compatibility of the new contract maintenance personnel. 

The out-of-pocket operating cost of this demonstration plant should be about 0.85 per 1000 gallons of distilled water, based on steam and power requirements both by W. L. Badger Associates, Inc., estimates and by the low bidder s guarantees. This water cost includes steam and power costs, estimated contract maintenance costs, and labor costs that include the increased supervisory labor needed during the demonstration and test phases of the program, projected to economic conditions that will probably exist in 1963. 

Reduced redox cofactors channel their electrons to 02 via the process of oxidative phosphorylation. The products of this very complex pathway are H20 and ATP. ATP is generated from ADP and P,. The nature of high-energy phosphate bonds was discussed in some detail in Chapter 2, where the role of ATP in human biochemistry was introduced. ATP and related triphosphonucleosides may be used to drive various processes, such as muscle contraction, maintenance of ion gradients across membranes, or biosynthesis of macromolecules. 

Maintenance activities at a site are usually considered "crafts," and it can be a new experience for a facihty to ask its maintenance personnel to write and use written procedures. Maintenance procedures require special consideration depending upon the type of maintenance force your site maintains. If your site uses cross-trained maintenance personnel, your fecihty may need maintenance procedures that are written to a very high level of detail. The increased use of contract maintenance personnel at fadhties presents a similar problem. 

Mechanical support services—heat, air, electricity, water, sanitary drains, holding tanks, scrubbing systems, and filter banks—occupy much space and require large expenditures for support and maintenance contracts. Maintenance support and laboratory staff must cooperate to minimize disruption of laboratory activities during routine and non-routine maintenance. Conflicts and downtime can be reduced by careful scheduling of routine maintenance for equipment such as wet scrubbers, filter banks, and motors. 

Contract maintenance will continue to grow. The core requirement for maintenance will be even more important in the next millennium due to technology advances. Organizations will focus on core competencies. Some forget the core requirement for maintenance and also lose their core competencies to do effective maintenance. Profit-centered contract maintenance providers wiU consume internal maintenance operations that continue a cost-centered approach. In-house maintenance operations will continue to lose when they are unable to replenish and/or maintain their core competencies in maintenance. 

Contract engineering, 330-331 Contract maintenance, 1622 Contract manufacturing, 263-264, 330-331 Contractors, selection of, 1499 Contracts, 49... 

Rising use of contract maintenance. While there is little or no statistical evidence linking contractor use to higher accident rates in aviation, some anecdotal evidence (such as the involvement of contractor maintenance workers in the accident at the former Valujet see for example Langewiesche, 1998) has resulted in increased levels of concern. The OTA (1988, pg. 107) notes that Contract maintenance, by its nature, is not as easy as in-house work to monitor and manage. Concerns have also been raised about the impact of contract workers on safety in the petrochemical and mining industries (see for example Wells et al., 1991 Kochan et al., 1994 Rebitzer, 1995 Rousseau and Libuser, 1997). 

On pg. 58, the OTA notes that FAA inspector training programs cannot keep up with new industry procedures and equipment, such as contract maintenance. ... 

Nested contractors (such as contracted maintenance workers) and temporary employees who are supervised by host site management are governed by the site s safety and health management system and are therefore included in the host site s rates. 

COMPUTER-BASED MAINTENANCE PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE RELIABILITY-CENTERED MAINTENANCE (RCM) INTEGRATED SYSTEMS CONTRACT MAINTENANCE STAND-ALONE SYSTEMS... 

Service contracts policy. See Contract Maintenance later in this chapter. 

There are several types of contract maintenance. Two are considered here. 

Outsourcing is another method of contract maintenance. In this model, the work to be outsourced, usually all or most facility operations, is defined. A single contractor is selected for maintenance of systems and structures. This coutractor will usually provide the management, support, maintenance management software, and technical support personnel (craft personnel) as its own employees. 

Contract maintenance workers often will not replace the tray manways unless the tray manway is adjacent to a tower external manway. They reason that once the tray manways that are visible from the tower manway are closed, there is no way for someone to inspect the other trays. This problem is not just common— it is imiversal. The maintenance force at the Good Hope Refinery pulled this nasty trick on me at the coker fractionator. Equipped with my crescent wrench, I opened the tray internal manway below the side tower manway. 1 discovered that the 12 trays below this point had their manways stacked in their downcomers. In 1990,1 worked on a project to improve fractionation at the Chevron Refinery crude distillation unit in El Segundo, California. When the tower was opened to implement my design, the tray manways were found lying on the tray decks below the diesel draw tray. The lesson is, inspect each tray and then witness the closure of each tray manway, separately. 

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