Type 3 collagen

Collagen types I, II, and III form strong, organized fibrils, consisting of staggered arrays of tropocollagen molecules (Figure 6.19). The periodic... 

Bone Formation The building of new bone through osteoblasts. Bone formation, which is part of the bone remodelling process, includes the synthesis of organic matter (mostly collagen type 1) and subsequent mineralisation. 

MMP-1 Interstitial collagenase Secreted One of three collagenases that can degrade the interstitial collagens, types I, II, and III... 

The amino acid sequence of the collagen type I (bone, skin, tendon) is nearly completely known6. The sequence of the different tripeptides in the archain shows a more or less statistic distribution. The content of the tripeptides in the archain of type I collagen, however, is quite different (Table 1). 

Martin, M.L. Regan, C.M. (1988). The anticonvulsant sodium valproate specifically induces the expression of a rat glial heat shock protein which is identified as the collagen type IV receptor. Brain Res. 459, 131-137. 

COLLAGEN TYPE I IS COMPOSED OF A TRIPLE HELIX STRUCTURE FORMS FIBRILS... 

AH collagen types have a triple helical structure. In... 

Several collagen types do not form fibrils in tissues (Table 48—2). They are characterized by interruptions of the triple hehx with stretches of protein lacking Gly-X-Y repeat sequences. These non-Gly-X-Y sequences result in areas of globular structure interspersed in the triple hehcal structure. 

Collagens Collagen type 1 Approximately 90% of total bone protein. Composed of two a1(l) and one a2(l) chains. 

Collagen type 11 90-98% of total articular cartilage collagen. Composed of three a1(ll) chains. 

Bone is a porous tissue composite material containing a fluid phase, a calcified bone mineral, hydroxyapatite (HA), and organic components (mainly, collagen type). The variety of cellular and noncellular components consist of approximately 69% organic and 22% inorganic material and 9% water. The principal constiments of bone tissue are calcium (Ca ), phosphate (PO ), and hydroxyl (OH ) ions and calcium carbonate. There are smaller quantities of sodium, magnesium, and fluoride. The major compound, HA, has the formula Caio(P04)g(OH)2 in its unit cell. The porosity of bone includes membrane-lined capillary blood vessels, which function to transport nutrients and ions in bone, canaliculi, and the lacunae occupied in vivo by bone cells (osteoblasts), and the micropores present in the matrix. 

CIA in IFNyR null mice DBA/1 mice AMD3100 (JM3100) i Inhibition of monocyte migration to CXCL12a. Reduction of DTH response to collagen type II. 208... 

CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) CIA DBA/1 mice Hamster anti-mouse FKN mAb (ICN Pharmaceuticals) i Reduce infiltration of inflammatory cells in synovium and bone erosion. It did not affect production of serum anti-collagen type II (CII) IgG or IFN-y by CH-stimulated splenic T cells. 215... 

Different tissues in the body have different types of collagen (there are 27 in total) classified as collagen types I, II, and so on. Type I collagen, for example, the most abundant collagen of the human body, makes up the tendons and the organic part of bone type II collagen makes up articular cartilage type IV makes up the eye lens type VII and type XI colla-... 

Kuhn, K. (1987b), in R. Mayne and R. Burgeson (eds.), Structure and Function of Collagen Types, Academic Press, New York. 

Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors is an important function of the RPE, particularly with respect to the maintenance of appropriate permeability of the Bruch s membrane (Ahir et al., 2002). This function can be tested in vitro (Marin-Castano et al., 2006). For example, it has been shown that the expression of MMP-2, TIPM-2s (tissue inhibitor of MMP-2), and type IV collagen by cultured ARPE-19 cells is affected by repetitive exposures to nonlethal oxidant injury with hydroquinone (Marin-Castano et al., 2006). Oxidative stress decreases MMP-2 activity and increases collagen type IV accumulation. 

In an attempt to mimic the physiological ratio of collagen type II to hyaluronan in the healthy human NP, Calderon et al. constructed hydrogels scaffolds composed of these two elements in a 9 1 (w/w) ratio [104]. Scaffolds were crosslinked with various concentrations of EDC/NHS, but it was found that 8 mM EDC/NHS resulted in a confined compressive modulus on the order of the native NP, while allowing for optimal rat mesenchymal stem cell (rMSC) viability and proliferation. Additionally, real time PCR results from rMSCs seeded on the scaffolds for 21 days indicated that the scaffolds promoted increased aggrecan expression and inhibited collagen type I expression compared to rMSCs cultured on monolayers. 

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