Colitis, allergic

Aminosalicylic acid Ulcerative colitis Allergic fever, itching, leukopenia... 

CCR2 L. monocytogenes L. major M. tuberculosis Atherosclerosis EAE Cardiac allograft rejection Experimental colitis Allergic pulmonary inflammation... 

Bismudi subsalicylate is used in combination witii otiier dru > to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers caused by H. pylori bacteria Mesalamine is used in the treatment of chronic inflammatoiy bowel disease Misoprostol is used to prevent gastric ulcers in those taking aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory dragp in high doses for a prolonged time Olsalazine is used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in those allergic to sulfasalazine. Sulfasalazine is used in the treatment of Crohn s disease and ulcerative colitis. Sucralfate is used in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. 

Exploiting the knowledge that has recently developed on the induction of regulatory immune pathways by helminths, clinical trials were and are being initiated to study the effect of these parasites on inflammatory diseases. Currently, Trichuris suis is being used to treat patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn s disease, with promising initial results [44]. Future studies are planned to examine the effect of hookworms on allergic airway diseases [45] and of T. suis on MS [11]. 

Ischemic colitis, mesenteric ischemia, gangrenous bowel, rectal bleeding, syncope, hypotension, hypovolemia, electrolyte disorders, suspected sphincter of Oddi spasm, bile duct stone, cholecystitis with elevated transaminases, and hypersensitivity reaction including rash, urticaria, pruritus, and serious allergic type 1 reactions have been reported,... 

However the reported adverse effects include mild gastrointestinal reactions (nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhoea). Symptoms of pseudomembranous colitis may appear either during or after antibiotic treatment. The other side effects are allergic in nature viz. skin rash, itching, bronchospasm, hypotension, erythema multiforme, Steven-Johnson syndrome. Other side effects viz. haemolytic anaemia, hypoprothrombine-mia, seizures and thrombophlebitis have been rarely reported. 

Ulcerative colitis Action 5-ASA derivative, anti-inflammatory, 1 leukotiiene synth Dose 2.25 g (3 caps) tid x 8-12 wk Caution [B, ] Severe renal/hepatic failure Contra Mesalamine or salicylates hypersensitivity Disp Caps SE Dizziness, HA, N, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, renal impair, allergic Rxns Interactions Oral antibiotics may interfere W/ mesalamine release in the colon EMS Allergic Rxn can occur if pt is allergic to ASA or other salicylates OD Not reported but may cause V, tinnitus, confusion and vertigo symptomatic and supportive... 

Piperacillin-Tazobactam (Zesyn) [Anribioric/Extended Spectrum Penicillin, Beta Lactamase Inhibitor] Uses Infxns of skin, bone, resp urinary tract, abd, sepsis Action PCN plus 3-lactamase inhibitor bactericidal i cell wall synth Dose Adults. 3.375-4.5 g IV q6h i in renal insuff Caution [B, M] Contra PCN or 3-lactam sensitivity Disp Powder for inj frozen, premix inj 3.25, 3.375, 4.5 g SE D, HA, insomnia, GI upset, serum sickness-like Rxn, pseudomembranous colitis Interactions T Effects W/ probenecid T effects OF anticoagulants, MTX i effects W/ macrolides, tetracyclines i effects OF OCPs EMS T Effects of anticoagulants monitor for signs of electrolyte disturbances and hypovolemia d/t D such as X- K+ may cause allergic Rxn in pts sensitive to PCN OD May cause N/V/D, resp difficulty, and Szs symptomatic and supportive... 

Clindamycin has in vitro activity against Propionibacterium acnes this has been postulated as the mechanism of its beneficial effect in acne therapy. Approximately 10% of an applied dose is absorbed, and rare cases of bloody diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis have been reported following topical application. The hydroalcoholic vehicle may cause drying and irritation of the skin, with complaints of burning and stinging. The water-based gel and lotion formulations are well tolerated and less likely to cause irritation. Allergic contact dermatitis is uncommon. Clindamycin is also available in a fixed-combination topical gel with benzoyl peroxide (BenzaClin). 

Gastrointestinal Pseudomembranous colitis, biliary sludge, jaundice Respiratory Bronchospasm, allergic pneumonitis... 

Adverse drug reactions can be classified simply according to their onset or severity. ADRs are occasionally classified as acute/ subacute/ or latent. Acute events are those observed within 60 minutes after the administration of a medication and include anaphylactic shock/ severe bronchoconstrictioii/ and nausea or vomiting (17). Subacute reactions occur within 1 to 24 hours and include maculopapular rasly serum sicknesS/ allergic vasculitiS/ and antibiotic-associated diarrhea or colitis. Latent reactions require 2 or more days to become apparent and include eczematous eruptions/ organ toxicity/ and tardive dyskinesia. 

Like oral iron, parenteral iron is used too widely. When iron is truly needed, oral administration is generally preferable (9). Intractable gastrointestinal intolerance to oral formulations, hyperemesis in pregnancy, very severe blood loss, and possibly ulcerative colitis are some of the few valid indications for parenteral iron. A low ironbinding capacity (for example due to prior saturating iron therapy or malnutrition), folic acid deficiency, and an allergic constitution predispose the patient to adverse reactions to parenteral iron. Iron injections have been reported to provoke hemolytic anemia in cases of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. 

The glycopcptide antibiotic vancomycin has been efta -tive in the treatment of clindamycin-induced pseudoiiKm branous colitis and in the control of the experimentally in duced bacterial condition in animals. Clindamycin shotiU be reserved for staphylococcal tissue infections, such asetf lulitis and osteomyelitis, in penicillin-allergic patients aid for severe anaerobic infections ouLside the central nemw.. system. Ordinarily, it should not be used to treat upper ie p ratory tract infections caused by bacteria sen.sitivc to oiiia safer antibiotics or in prophylaxis. 

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