Clinical correlation studies

Clinical correlation studies between CA 27.29 levels and CA 15-3 levels typically yield correlation coefficients of >0.95. It has been suggested that the epitope mapping studies reflect that the CA 27.29 antigen is essentially the same breast cancer-associated mucinous antigen detected by the two methods. 

Klaewsongkram J, Ruxrangtham K, Wannakrairot P, et al. Eosinophil count in nasal mucosa is more suitable than the number of ICAM-1-positive nasal epithelial cells to evaluate the severity of house dust mite-sensitive allergic rhinitis A clinical correlation study. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2003 132 68-75. 

Daeppen JB, Smith TL, Danko GP, Gordon L, Landi NA, Numberger JI Jr, et al (2000) Clinical correlates of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence in alcohol-dependent men and women. The Collaborative Study Group on the Genetics of Alcoholism. Alcohol Alcohol 35(2) 171-175... 

Longstreth WT Jr, Arnold AM, Manolio TA, Burke GL, Bryan N, Jungreis CA, et al (2000) Clinical correlates of ventricular and sulcal size on cranial magnetic resonance imaging of 3,301 elderly people. The Cardiovascular Health Study. Collaborative Research Group. Neuroepidemiology 19(1) 30-A2... 

Phencyclidine is typically self-administered by the oral, intravenous, or smoked routes. After oral administration to healthy human volunteers, the bioavailability was found to vary between 50 and 90%.4 In this study, peak plasma concentrations were achieved after 1.5 h and appeared to correlate with the time to reach maximum pharmacological effects. However, because there have been no comprehensive clinical controlled studies of phencyclidine, a correlation between PCP blood concentrations and pharmacological effects has not been definitively documented. Maximum serum PCP concentrations ranged between 2.7 and 2.9 ng/ml after 1 mg PCP administered orally.4... 

Sleep disorders are definitively part of the clinical picture in schizophrenia. Due to the lack of space, EEG studies, dream studies and correlative studies have not been reviewed. The evidence is clear that clinical status [20] and daytime cognitive performance [21] covary with sleep in schizophrenia. Future studies should include these issues in their protocol strategies. 

Adams HP Jr, Kassell NF, Turner JC et al (1983) CT and clinical correlation in recent aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage a report of the cooperative aneurysm study. Neurology 33 981-988... 

Pandurangi AK, Dewan MJ, Boucher M, Levy B, Ramachandran T, et al. 1986. A comprehensive study of chronic schizophrenic patients. II. Biological, neuropsychological, and clinical correlates of CT abnormality. Acta Psychiatr Scand 73 161-171. 

Keaney JF Jr, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Wilson PW, Lipinska I, Corey D, Massaro JM, Sudierland P, Vita JA, Benjamin EJ. Obesity and systemic oxidative stress clinical correlates of oxidative stress in the Framingham Study. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vase. Biol. 2003 23 434. 

Grade A, meta-analysis of randomised, controlled trials or from at least one randomised, controlled trial, or from at least one well designed, controlled study without randomisation grade B, from at least one other type of well designed, quasi-experlmental study, or from well designed, nonexperimental studies (e.g. comparative studies, correlation studies, case-control studies) grade C, from expert committee reports/opinions and/or clinical experience of authorities, ND, not demonstrated. Data from the Royal College of Physicians and the Bone and Tooth Society. 

In the following clinical case studies, a number of delivery attributes discussed in earlier sections are exemplified. In addition, in vitro methodologies are briefly discussed to highlight the good correlation possible with observed in vivo results. 

Family, twin, and adoption studies have shown the effect of genetic factors in the affective disorders. Some evidence is seen of at least two distinct subgroups, one X-linked and the other transmitted on chromosome 11 (12-18). Reevaluation of the data by the original authors after additional clinical information became available has led to their modification of the conclusions (19). Clinical correlates of the genetic linkage have been reviewed recently (20, 21) and the codistribution of blood groups was also studied (22). 

The surface electrocardiography (ECG) in both acute and chronic phase of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) may give crucial information about the coronary artery involved and which is the area of myocardium that is at risk or already infarcted. This information jointly with the ECG-clinical correlation is very important for prognosis and risk stratification, as will be demonstrated in this book. Therefore, we will give in the following pages an overview of the anatomy of the heart, especially the heart walls and coronary tree, and emphasise the best techniques currently used for its study. 

Of the randomized studies comparing albumin with crystalloid solutions in the perioperative period, the majority found no statistically significant differences between groups. The significant differences that have been found have involved isolated hemodynamic or respiratory variables with no obvious clinical correlates (e.g., duration of mechanical ventilation). Therefore, albumin (and other colloids) cannot be recommended for the prevention or initial treatment of circulatory insufficiency, although their use may be appropriate in... 

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