Clear antiperspirants

The protonated form of poly(vinyl amine) (PVAm—HCl) has two advantages over many cationic polymers high cationic charge densities are possible and the pendent primary amines have high reactivity. It has been appHed in water treatment, paper making, and textiles (qv). The protonated forms modified with low molecular weight aldehydes are usehil as fines and filler retention agents and are in use with recycled fibers. As with all new products, unexpected appHcations, such as in clear antiperspirants, have been found. It is usehil in many metal complexation appHcations (49). 

Clear antiperspirants have become popular because they leave no visible residue.They are not always formulated through a microemulsion route. Clear sticks can be based on dibenzylidene sorbitol acetal (DBSA) gelling agent and zirconium or glycine-complexed aluminum chlorhydrate antiperspirant actives that are soluble in propylene glycol without water. An alternative route is to closely match the refractive indices of the oil and water phases so a clear product (not a microemulsion) results for an antiperspirant gel [20,23]. Clear deodorant sticks with the active ingredient triclosan can be solidified with sodium stearate, which is incompatible with antiperspirant active ingredients (aluminium chlorhydrates). 

Uses UV stabilizer, solubilizer for sunscreens, creams/lotions, hair sprays, conditioners gloss aid, SPF booster, stabilizer for makeup colors stabilizer for hair colors formulation aid for clear antiperspirant sticks/gels Features Compat. with most lipophilic cosmetic ingreds. patented Regulatory Approved in US, Japan, Australia... 

Chem. Descrip. Cyclomethicone and dimethicone copolyol Uses Emulsifier and gelling agent for clear antiperspirants formulates stable w/o skin care emulsions... 

Aluminium chlorohydrate is a widely used active ingredient for antiperspirant compositions. This salt requires a hydrophilic solvent at low pH values to remain stable. Structured microemulsions can be used to formulate clear and viscous products with this active. These products can be used in solid applicators such as firm stick applicators [35]. The o/w microemulsions can be based on fatty alcoholethoxylates with an organic or silicon oil phase [36]. An improved temperature stability in the range of 0-70°C for such formulations can be achieved by a combination of oxyalkylene-modified siloxanes, pentacyclosiloxane and glycol [37]. The addition of alpha-hydroxylic acids results in an improved skin feel with decreased tackiness [38]. 

MAJOR Ai>PLiCATTONS PEI offers potential cosmetic uses and new directions for clear antidandruff hair products and antiperspirants. Also used as a wet-strength agent in the paper-making process, a flocculating agent with silica sols, and in the coating of composite hoUow-fiber membranes. 

Revlon has developed a clear silicone microemulsion composition tolerant of high salt content that is suitable for moisturizers and antiperspirants [19], One example is shown in Table 11. 

Uses Spreading agent, emollient in antiperspirant formulations offers humidity resist, to hair spray formulas plasticizer for silicone elastomers hydrophobizing agent for silica in water thermoplastics, textile and paper coatings raw material for RTV silicone systems Properties Water-wh. clear liq., odorless, tasteless vise. 90-150 cst acid no. 0.05 max. 

Sodium zirconium lactate CAS 10377-98-7 Empiricai C12H20O12 4Na Zr Formuia NaH3ZrO(CH3CHOCOO)3 Properties Straw-colored clear sol n m.w. 813.16 dens. 1.28-1.30 pH 7.5-8.0 Uses Deodorant antiperspirant... 

Empirical C2iH4eOSi Formula CH3(CH2)i6CH20Si(CH3)3 Properties Clear liq. m.w. 342.69 Uses Emollient in cosmetics, hair care, skin care, creams/lotions, suncare, antiperspirants, deodorants, lipsticks, shaving prods., makeup removers hair conditioner Trade Name Synonyms SilCare 1 M 71 [Clariant GmbH/Functional Chems. http //fun. clariant. com]... 

Clear solutions of antiperspirants have been on the market for about 100 years. Cream and lotion types are o/w emulsions commonly formulated using nonionic emulsifiers to avoid aluminum salt formation, especially by carboxylic acids. Cream antiperspirants are generally distributed in jars, whereas lotions are dispensed from roll-on types of containers. 

Antiperspirants usually contain aluminum or zirconium salts that can reduce the pH to about 2.3, which makes acid-sensitive fragrance materials unsuitable for this application as might be expected, coloration can also be a problem, especially in some modern products that are sold as clear gels or colorless lotions. 

Brewster et al. [72,73] reported the development of clear cosmetic sticks using Plutonic polyols. These sticks were used to deliver deodorant, antiperspirants, lipstick, etc. The authors indicated current products could be harsh to the skin when formulated with soaps, but attempts to reduce harshness by replacing the soap with alkoxylated fatty alcohols reduced the desired clarity of the sticks. The use of Plutonic F-127 and F-108 at approximately 4% of the formulation produced a stick with both clarity and rigidity, and was also mild to the skin. 

Uses Emulsifier for waler-in-oil and water-in-silicone emulsions can be used in a wide range of personal care applications such as skin care, color cosmetics, sun care, hair care, and antiperspirants and deodorants Features Designed to prepare clear gels Regulatory SARA 311/312 Acute/Fire Hazard... 

Chem. Descrip. Silicone polyether block copolymer Uses Emulsiferfor highly stable water-in-silicone and org. oil systems in clear shampoos, skin care, hair care, antiperspirants and deodorants, color cosmetics pigment dispersant for mica and zinc oxide Features Formulation flexibility with a broad range of silicone and organic oil phases tolerates high level of antiperspirants salt can be used in cold or hot processes... 

Uses Skin conditioner, humectanL emollient in skin cate humectant, moisturizer, gloss aid in hair care solvent, solubilizer in clear cosmetic pteds., antiperspirants, deodorants... 

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