Chokeberries

Galactose is the second most widespread monosaccharide in foods, being found in apples, dwarf dogwood, cranberries, black chokeberries, highbush blueberries, Vaccinium padifolium blueberries, - Coriaria myrtifolia, black carrots, " eggplants, pistachios, and black and kidney beans. ... 

Anthocyanins from apples, cranberries, black chokeberries, - blackberries of an unknown cultivar, - highbush blueberries, - - Vaccinium padifolium blueberries, cv. Balaton black cherries, and black lentils" contained arabi-nose. This pentose was not found in any of the vegetables presented in Table 4.3.3. Even less widespread is xylose, found in Red Delicious apple cultivars, black chokeberries, different cultivars of blackberries, evergreen blackberries, red currants, Vaccinium padifolium blueberries, different cultivars of red rasp-berry, - - and black carrots. " ... 

Chlorogenic acid enhanced the colors of strawberry and chokeberry juices in concentrations higher than those of the anthocyanins present. However, the effects on purified pigments were lower, indicating the presence of other stabilizing compounds in the juices. ... 

Wilska-Jeszka, J. and Korzuchowska, A., Anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid copig-mentantion — Influence on the colour of strawberry and chokeberry juices, Z. Leb-ensm. Unters Forsch., 203, 38, 1996. 

In order to obtain a highly concentrated and purified anthocyaifin pigment from black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa var. Nero), juices and skin extracts were purified by SPE. 

Apples, pears, quinces, black chokeberry, mountain ash and medlar... 

Graversen HB, Becker EM, Skibsted LH and Andersen ML. 2008. Antioxidant synergism between fruit juice and a-tocopherol. A comparison between high phenolic black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) and high ascorbic blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum). Eur Food Res Technol 226(4) 737-743. 

Zheng W and Wang SY. 2003. Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of phenolics in blueberries, cranberries, chokeberries, and lingonberries. J Agric Food Chem 51 (2) 502—509. 

Fig. 2.57. Identification of a flavonoid diglycoside from unhydrolized chokeberry sample, (a) Positive total ion chromatogram, (b) ion source collision-induced dissociation chromatogram for the ion m/z 303 (quercetin), (c) full scan MS spectrum of the peak at 14.1min, (d) full scan MS-MS spectrum of the [M+H] ion, (e) fragmentation spectrum (MS3) of the m/z 303.3 ion. Reprinted with permission from S. Hakkinen et al. [161].

Kraemer-Schafhalter, A., Fuchs, H., Strigl, A., Sil-har, S., Kovac, M., and Pfannhauser, W. 1996. Process consideration for anthocyanin extraction from Black Chokeberry (Amnia meloncarpa ELL). In Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Natural Colorants, INF/COL II (P.C. Hereld, ed.), pp. 153-160. S.I.C. Publishing Col., Hamden, Q. 

A puree is described, containing Jerusalem artichoke, apple, black chokeberry, walnuts, hydrated wheat bran, and pectin. It is specifically designed for the treating and prophylactic feeding of patients with diabetes mellitus. 

Desorption nano-electrospray (nano-DESI) has also been tested for qualitative analysis of anthocyanins in wine samples (Table 5.1 Method 5) (Hartmanova et ah, 2010). Acidifying of the samples and providing an acidic spray liquid (methanol/water 75 25 with 0.2% HCOOH) were essential for obtaining good quality spectra. From the nano-DESI-MS data, the ratio of two grape cultivars (Neronet and Rubinet) in a mixture could be determined. Detection of the main anthocyanins in slices of wine grapes, chokeberries, and elderberries or in a wine stain on cotton fabric was also possible (Hartmanova et al., 2010). 

Jurgonski, A., Juskiewicz, J. Zdunczyk, Z. 2008. Ingestion of black chokeberry fruit extract leads to intestinal and systemic changes in a rat model of prediabetes and hyperlipidemia. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 63 176-182. 

Pilaczynska-Szczesniak, L. Skarpanska-Steinbom, A. Deskur, E. Basta, P. Horoszkiewiez-Hassan, M. 2005. The influence of chokeberry juice supplementation... 

Pawlowicz, P, Wilczynski, J., Stachowiak, G., and Hincz, P, Administration of natural anthocyanins derived from chokeberry retardation of idiopathic and preeclamptic origin. Influence on metabobsm of plasma oxidized lipoproteins the role of autoantibodies to oxidized low density bpoproteins, Ginekol. Polska, 71, 848-853, 2000. 

The chokeberry (better known in recent years as aronia) is probably the most anthocyanin-enriched and therefore most astringent and bittertasting fruit native to North America. Aronia juice is already in commercial use to add flavor and dark purple color in blends with grape, blueberry, and cranberry juices. Aronia mostly grows wild and is sys-... 

Blueberry Northblue Blueberry Northcountry Cloudberry Arctic bramble Chokeberry Rowanberry Red raspberry -Cranberry Bilberry Lingonberry Crowberry Sweet rowan Strawberry Sea buckthorn berry Black currant Green currant -ED White currant -i Red currant-B Gooseberry - i... 

Anthocyanins and other polyphenolics have their highest concentrations in the epidermal tissue of grapes and many berry fruits (blueberries, chokeberries, cowberries). 

Strigl, A.W., Leitner, E., and Pfannhauser, W. 1995. [Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the anthocyans in black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa Michx. Ell.) by TLC, HPLC and UV/VIS-spectrometry,] Qualitative und Quantitative Analyse der Anthocyane in Schwarzen Apfelbeeren (Aronia melanocarpa Michx. Ell.) mittels TLC, HPLC und UV/VIS-Spektrometrie. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 201 266-268. 

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