Wines stained

Topical anesthetics such as EMLA cream, which is a mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine, can be quite effective in reducing pain associated with venipunture or intravenous line insertion, circumcision, and laser treatment of port wine stains (Wilder, 2000). 

Administration of local anesthetics via iontophoresis can also be used to produce topical anesthesia prior to certain dermatologic procedures. For example, lidocaine iontophoresis can adequately anesthetize a small patch of skin for performing a minor surgical procedure (placement of an intravenous catheter, laser treatment of port-wine stains, and so forth).18,50,66 Ion-tophoretic application of local anesthetics offers... 

Dierick CC, Casparian JM,Venugopalan V,FarinelliWA, Anderson RR.Thermal relaxation of port-wine stain vessels probed in vivo the need for 1-10 millisecond laser pulse treatment. J Invest Dermatol 1995 105 709-14. 

Ho WS, Ying SY, Chan PC, Chan HH. Treatment of port wine stains with intense pulsed light. Dermatol Surg 2004 30 887-90. 

Desorption nano-electrospray (nano-DESI) has also been tested for qualitative analysis of anthocyanins in wine samples (Table 5.1 Method 5) (Hartmanova et ah, 2010). Acidifying of the samples and providing an acidic spray liquid (methanol/water 75 25 with 0.2% HCOOH) were essential for obtaining good quality spectra. From the nano-DESI-MS data, the ratio of two grape cultivars (Neronet and Rubinet) in a mixture could be determined. Detection of the main anthocyanins in slices of wine grapes, chokeberries, and elderberries or in a wine stain on cotton fabric was also possible (Hartmanova et al., 2010). 

X.X. Lin, W. Wang, S.F. Wu, C. Yang, T.S. Chang (1997). Treatment of capillary vascular malformation (port-wine stains) with photochemotherapy. Blast. Reconstr. Surg., 99, 1826-1830. 

The argon ion laser (488-514.5 nm), frequency-doubled NdiYAG laser (532 nm), and dye laser radiation (585 nm) in the coagulative treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions such as port wine stains (Mordon et al, 1993). 

Mordon S., Beacco C., Rotteleur G. et al. 1993. Relation between skin surface temperature and minimal blanching during argon, Nd YAG 532, and cw dye 585 laser therapy of port-wine stains. Lasers Surg. Med. 13 124. 

Stain removal Baking soda can be used to remove a whole slew of difficult stains and odors because of how alkaline or basic it is. For example, soak stained material with a solution of baking soda in water, then rinse with water and place in the wash. It can clean blood stains, sweat stains, fruit and wine stains, and even vomit stains (including the smell). It can also be used on carpets and many other places around the home such as in the kitchen, bathroom, living room, and even outdoors in the yard to clean oil stains or a greasy grill, for example. 

Capillary hemangioma has been referred to as a vascular tumor when it presents in the orbit and has been known as port wine stain when it presents extra-orbitally at the head and neck (Flis and Connor 2005). Capillary hemangioma is an inborn lesion predominantly found in small children that shows a tendency toward spontaneous involution up to the 5th year of life. However, capillary hemangioma may displace other orbital contents... 

EMLA has been used in practice for many years. It has been studied and used for venipuncture, intravenous cannulation, needle immunizations, subcutaneous port access, subcutaneous reservoir access, circumcision, chest tube removal, lumbar puncture, bone marrow aspiration, and laser treatment of port-wine stains. Significant treatment effect has been demonstrated in individual as well as meta-analysis study of EMLA. Initially, a 30 min application time was recommended. However, 60 minutes will ensure significantly more anesthesia and even longer dimation (90 min) and produce improved pain relief [1,3]. 

Port-wine stains, as shown in this picture, can be removed with laser light of the correct wavelength. 

A surgeon plans to remove a red port-wine stain. 

Capillary malformations (CMs), because of their appearance, have traditionally been referred to as port wine stains and incorrectly as capillary hemangiomas. They represent maldevelopment of capillaries and present as well demarcated skin discoloration. CMs initially have a pink or red color and become more purple as children age. CMs frequently occur with other vascular anomalies. In Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, they occur on the trunk or lower extremity and are associated with limb hypertrophy and widespread venolymphatic malformations. In Sturge-Weber syndrome, the CM is typically in the VI (first division of the trigeminal nerve) distribution on the face and is associated with underlying ophthalmologic and leptomeningeal VMs and CMs. 

Lam SM, Williams EF (2004) Practical considerations in the treatment of capillary vascular malformations, or port wine stains. Facial Plast Surg 20 71-76... 

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