Cylinders chlorine

Ga.s Eeeders. Chlorine gas is usually fed from a chlorine cylinder equipped with a pressure gauge, reducing valve, regulating valve, feed-rate indicator, and aspirator-type injector for dissolving the chlorine gas in water. The feeder can be manually, or more desirably automatically, controlled utili2ing continuous amperometric or potentiometric measurement of the free chlorine residual. The chlorine solution is normally introduced into the return line to the filter. 

After changing a chlorine cylinder, two workers opened the valves to make sure there were no leaks on the connecting pipework. They did not expect to find any, so they did not wear air masks. Unfortunately there were some small leaks, and they were affected by the chlorine. 

How are communications handled at shift change There are relatively few open items at the end of a shift. The chlorine cylinders need to be changed only about once every 45 days. If an empty chlorine cylinder needs replaced, it has proven to be easy to schedule the change during a shift. 

Chlorine cylinders are equipped wiili a single valve. Gas is delivered when the tank is in an upright position liquid when the cylinder is in an inverted position. However, liquid withdrawal from cylinders is not usually pracliccd. In Ihc ease of ton containers, two valves are provided, permitting easy w ilhdruw ul of cither gaseous or liquid chlorine. Bulk shipments almost always arc unloaded in the liquid phase. 

There is also a resurgence in demand for chlorine dioxide generation systems for use as a chlorine gas alternative in industrial cooling systems, as pressure intensifies in some markets for the elimination of chlorine cylinders. 

A. Preparation of trane-S,3-dieb.loro-l,4-dioxane (Note 1). To a 2-L, three-necked, round-bottomed flask, equipped with two inlet tubes (with sintered-glass diffusers at the end) connected to a chlorine cylinder, and a... 

Preparation of Antimony Trifluorodichloride (SbF3Cl2). This is made in the steel reaction vessel, described on p. 59. A known quantity of antimony fluoride is placed in the vessel the vessel is evacuated, the needle valve is closed, and the whole is weighed. Connection is established to a chlorine cylinder, and the needle valve is opened to permit qhlorine to fill the vessel. Part of it is absorbed rapidly by the salt, with evolution of heat. Soon the reaction slows down as indicated by the rate of pressure fall when the needle valve is dosed. Weighing indicates the amount of chlorine present in the vessel. When the absorption practically ceases, the valve is closed, and the connection with the chlorine tank is removed. The reaction vessel is alternately heated gently, then allowed to cool in order to permit SbFsCl2, which is a viscous liquid, to flow and expose fresh surfaces of crystalline antimony trifluoride. The operation is ended after the absorption of the desired quantity of chlorine. 

Steam is improperly is applied to a chlorine cylinder and an ammonia cylinder in separate incidents. 

Loss Prevention Engineers and Safety Professionals have repeated stories in Louisiana about the misapplication of steam on one-ton chlorine cylinders. Two similar stories were discussed at inter-plant loss prevention meetings a couple of decades ago. Naturally, the details are now a little vague but the stories were from companies located over 100 miles apart in two separate petro-chemical sections of the state. 

Chlorine can be provided from the ton cylinders as a liquid or a gas. The discharge rate depends on the pressure within the cylinder and this is a function of the ambient temperature. In order to withdraw gas, you must vaporize liquid chlorine. Withdrawal tends to reduce the temperature and hence the vapor pressure and the surrounding air must supply sufficient heat to boost the vapor pressure. Typical maximum discharge rate for a one ton chlorine cylinder in a 70° F environment is about 15 pounds per hour. 

When chlorine gas is withdrawn from a chlorine cylinder at a rapid rate, the cylinder will cool down. Some companies that need to boost the gaseous chlorine flow rate have placed warm water spray or utility water on the cylinder to add a well-controlled heat input on cool days. However, some individuals were reported to have become more creative and blew live steam via a hose to even further increase the rate of vaporization. That would seem like a good idea—unless you took the time to read the precautions. 

However, there have been stories at inter-plant safety meetings that steam hoses created dangerous modifications. It seems that individuals who were unfamiliar with one-ton chlorine cylinder design placed steam hoses exhausting directly onto the portable cylinders to increase chlorine vaporization. 

A chlorine cylinder design includes three fuse plugs (which melt at 165° F or 74° C) in each end. The heat from steam reportedly melted the plugs and the chlorine escaped through 3/8-inch (0.9 cm) diameter orifices. (See Chapter 3 for details.) (A tragedy also occurred when a steam hose was used on an ice cream refrigeration unit in Chapter 4.)... 

Carbon (lampblack) P. 13 Carbon dioxide (cylinder or generator) P. 15, 71 Carbon tetrachloride E. 5 Cerium dioxide P. 50, 51 Cerium oxalate P. 49 Chlorine (cylinder or generator) P. 36,... 

FIGURE 17.7 Schematic of chlorine feeder system using chlorine cylinders. 

The S3N2CI2 is prepared according to Part A. After the volatile impurities have been removed, dry air is allowed to enter the air condenser. The bottom of the condenser is then connected to a 150-ml. round-bottomed three-necked flask fitted with an inlet tube for chlorine and a vacuum connection (Fig. 6). The vacuum connection on top of the air condenser is replaced with a drying tube containing anhydrous calcium sulfate. The assembly is placed in a hood the inlet tube is connected to a chlorine cylinder, and a slow stream of chlorine is passed through the air condenser over the S3N2CI2. Soon after the start of the chlorine flow, the S3N2CI2 turns into a dark red-brown slurry, which falls... 

No chlorine gas 2a. Chlorine cylinders 2a. Visual inspection. 2a. Connect cylinders or replace empty... 

Provisions should be made to continuously ventilate the area surrounding the chlorine cylinders and the chlorination equipment. 

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