Ceramic membranes evaluation

Farrusseng D, Julbe A, and Guizard C. Evaluation of porous ceramic membranes as O2 distributors for the partial oxidation of alkanes in inert membrane reactors. Sep Purif Technol 2001 25 137-149. 

C. Simon, A. Solheim and R. Bredesen, Testing and evaluation of flat ceramic membrane modules, in Yi Hua Ma (Ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Inorganic Membranes, 10-14 July 1994, Worcester, USA. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA 01609, USA, pp. 637-640. 

J. Rocek and P. Uchytil, Evaluation of selected methods for the characterisation of ceramic membranes. /. Membr. Sci., 89 (1994) 119. 

Technical and economic evaluation study for the use of ceramic membrane reactors for the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. Confidential NOVEM Report No. 33105/0090, by KTl, ECN and HlC, Jan. 1994. 

Evaluate proton-conducting ceramic membranes for use in electrolyzers. 

Singh BK. Bench scale evaluation of dense ceramic membranes for production of high purity hydrogen from gasification, M.S. Thesis, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, Dec 2005. 

Tewari PK, Singh RK, Batra VS, and Balakrishnan M. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) for wastewater treatment Filtration performance evaluation of low cost polymeric and ceramic membranes. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2010 71 200-204. 

The potential application of ceramic membranes for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene (12) has also been evaluated [126]. In the conventional process, two radial reactors in series are used with one preheater and one interstage heater. Steam acts as an energy carrier and as a diluent. 

Liithi and Luisi [44] have used a hoUow fiber membrane reactor for peptide synthesis catalyzed by a-chymotrypsin in microemulsion. Chang et al. [110] described the immobilization of lipase on liposomes, which, in turn, were solubilized in AOT/isooctane reversed micelles and used for the continuous glycerolysis of olive oil in an ultrafiltration cell. The half-Ufe of the Chromo. viscosum lipase was 7 weeks. The development of an ultrafiltration ceramic membrane bioreactor for the simultaneous lipolysis of olive oil and product separation in AOT/isooctane reversed micellar media has been also reported [106,107], Cutinase performance was also evaluated in a ceramic membrane reactor [9]. An attempt to minimize the surfactant contamination problem was based on the use of an electro-ultrafiltration method which can decrease the gel formation in the membrane surface, improving the filtration flux, achieving the separation of the AOT reverse micelles [187],... 

The performance of porous ceramic membranes is typically expressed by the permeate flux (throughput) and the selectivity (separation ability), which in turn are governed by the pore size distribution, porosity and intrinsic membrane surface properties, and as such there are a variety of direct and indirect characterisation techniques used to evaluate the potential of a membrane and predict its performance. In this way new membranes can be efficiently and effectively screened and later optimised without the need for lengthy permeation experiments, reducing overall development time. Similarly, these techniques can be used to understand and/or verify a new membrane s transport and separation mechanisms. 

Elmer, T. H. 1978. Evaluation of porous glass as desalination membrane. Ceramic Bull. 57(11) 1051-53, 60. 

Membrane reactors can be considered passive or active according to whether the membrane plays the role of a simple physical barrier that retains the free enzyme molecules solubilized in the aqueous phase, or it acts as an immobilization matrix binding physically or chemically the enzyme molecules. Polymer- and ceramic-based micro- and ultrafiltration membranes are used, and particular attention has to be paid to the chemical compatibility between the solvent and the polymeric membranes. Careful, fine control of the transmembrane pressure during operation is also required in order to avoid phase breakthrough, a task that may sometimes prove difficult to perform, particularly when surface active materials are present or formed during biotransformahon. Sihcone-based dense-phase membranes have also been evaluated in whole-cell processes [55, 56], but... 

Ceramic and semiconductor thin films have been prepared by a number of methods including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), spray-coating, and sol-gel techniques. In the present work, the sol-gel method was chosen to prepare uniform, thin films of titanium oxides on palladium Titanium oxide was chosen because of its versatility as a support material and also because the sol-gel synthesis of titania films has been clearly described by Takahashi and co-workers (22). The procedure utilized herein follows the work of Takahashi, but is modified to take advantage of the hydrogen permeability of the palladium substrate. Our objective was to develop a reliable procedure for the fabrication of thin titania films on palladium, and then to evaluate the performance of the resulting metalloceramic membranes for hydrogen transport and ethylene hydrogenation for comparison to the pure palladium membrane results. 

The evaluation of the commercial potential of ceramic porous membranes requires improved characterization of the membrane microstructure and a better understanding of the relationship between the microstructural characteristics of the membranes and the mechanisms of separation. To this end, a combination of characterization techniques should be used to obtain the best possible assessment of the pore structure and provide an input for the development of reliable models predicting the optimum conditions for maximum permeability and selectivity. The most established methods of obtaining structural information are based on the interaction of the porous material with fluids, in the static mode (vapor sorption, mercury penetration) or the dynamic mode (fluid flow measurements through the porous membrane). 

As yet, more work is also required to gain insight in the role of the ceramic microstructure in the performance values of membranes, and to evaluate different processing routes for the fabrication of perovskite thin films. 

Evaluate the ITM Syngas/ITM H2 processes using PDU data Conduct long-term stability tests of tubular membranes and seals at high pressure Demonstrate performance of pilot-scale membrane modules in PDU Complete membrane module design and select catalysts for the SEP Commission the ceramic Production Development Facility and fabricate SEP membranes Design and fabricate the SEP reactor... 

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