Centrifugation equipment

10 mm the diameter of the deck is 300 mm. The whole cyclone deck can be molded by injection in one piece. The feed zone is the annular space closest to the periphery. The overflow is through peripheral screw-in-vortex finders. The underflow leaves via the central circular space where the small apex openings enter. 

---

Equipment. Centrifugation equipment that separates by density difference is available in a variety of sizes and types and can be categorized by capacity range and the theoretical settling velocities of the particles normally handled. Centrifuges that separate by filtration produce drained soflds and can be categorized by final moisture, drainage time, G, and physical characteristics of the system, such as particle size and Hquid viscosity. 

The laboratory tubular centrifuge is similar to the industrial model. It operates with a motor or turbine drive at speeds to 50,000 rpm, generating 65,000 G at the latter speed in the 4.5 cm diameter bowl. The nominal capacity range is 30—2400 cm /min. This centrifuge is uniquely capable of separating far finer particles than any other production centrifugation equipment except the botde centrifuge. It is widely used in the production of flu vims. 

In general, overall efficiencies of positive-displacement pumps are higher than those of centrifugal equipment because internal losses are minimized. On the other hand, the flexibihty of each piece of eqmp-ment in handling a wide range of capacities is somewhat limited. 

Regardless of the machine device, centrifuges are typically maintenance-intensive. Filters can be cheaper in terms of capital and maintenance and should be considered first unless centrifugal equipment already exists. Small facilities (<1000 liters) use filtration, since centrifugation scale-down is constrained by equipment availability. Comparative economics of the two classes of operations are discussed by Datar and Rosen (loc. cit.). 

A centrifuge equipped with a rotor to hold microtiter plates. 

Centrifuge equipped with a rotor that will accommodate 50-mL round-bottom tubes and can be operated at 10,000. ... 

Centrifuge equipment represents a sizable investment for a laboratory, so proper maintenance is essential. In addition, poorly maintained equipment is especially dangerous. Since many instruments are now available, specific instructions will not be given here, but general guidelines are outlined. 

DuPont Instruments Sorvall (USA), Model RC-5B centrifuge, equipped with a Model SS-34 rotor for crude extract preparation. 

An ultracentrifuge is a high-speed centrifuge equipped with a suitable optical system (usually schlieren or interference optics, the latter being particularly useful when low concentrations are involved) for recording sedimentation behaviour and with facilities for eliminating the disturbing effects of convection currents and vibration. The sample is contained in a sector-shaped cell mounted in a rotor (usually c. 

Light scattering cells were of the type designed by Dandliker and Kraut (II) to permit the solution to be centrifuged in the cells for removal of dust. The cells were floated in sulfuric acid and centrifuged for 4—6 hours at 9000 r.p.m. in a Servall centrifuge equipped with a swinging bucket rotor. Cells suitable for use were selected from a hand-... 

In the 1990s, Dow researchers [4,5] developed a unique device (Figure 4.3) that creates substantial surface area within the polymer melt at very short residence times, which allows the achievement of equilibrium residual levels. The PS melt is passed into a centrifuge equipped with a high surface area porous metal filter. The G-force quickly forces the molten polymer through the... 

Figure 1 Sedimentation velocity analysis of the interaction between bisANS and bacteriophage P22 coat protein. Sedimentation was carried out at 56,0(X) rpm at 20 °C in a Beckman Model E centrifuge equipped with a video-based on-line Rayleigh optical system. (TOP) Coat protein alone (cq = 0.4 mg/ml t = 5348 sec) (BOTTOM) Coat protein in the presence of 60 (iM bisANS (A) Co = 0.5 mg/ml t = 5339 sec (B) 0.2 mg/ml t = 5343 sec). The error bars are the standard error of the mean propagated from the averaging process.

Goodhart, F.W. Centrifugal equipment. In Pharmaceutical Pelletization Technology Ghebre-Sellassie, I., Ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York, 1989 Vol. 37, 101-122. 

The separations are performed using a commercial high-speed CCC centrifuge equipped with a multilayer coil separation column(s). The column is first entirely filled with the stationary phase that contains the desired amount of chiral selector (CS). In order to prevent the contamination of CS in the eluted fractions, some amount of the CS-free stationary phase should... 

Fig. 7 Improved high-speed CCC centrifuge equipped with three column holders. (From Ref. [6].)...

---