Cell adhesion modulators

Collaborative signaling integrin-mediated cell adhesion modulates signal transduction by other receptors (e.g., receptor tyrosine kinases). 

Utility Cell Adhesion Modulator in Regulating Immune and Inflammatory... 

But not only integrin-mediated cell adhesion modulates cellular radio- or chemosensitivity. Integrin downstream molecules such as ILK and EAK or integrin-as-... 

Proudfoot AE, Buser R, Borlat F et al (1999) Amino-terminally modified RANTES analogues demonstrate differential effects on RANTES receptors. J Biol Chem 274 32478-32485 Qin AP, Zhang HE, Qin ZH (2008) Mechanisms of lysosomal proteases participating in cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal death. Neurosci Bull 24 117-123 Richter R, Bistrian R, Escher S et al (2005) Quantum proteolytic activation of chemokine CCL15 by neutrophil granulocytes modulates mononuclear cell adhesiveness. J Immunol 175 1599-1608... 

Jones, F. S., Prediger, E. A., Bittner, D. A., DeRobertis, E. M., and Edelman, G. M. (1992b). Cell adhesion molecules as targets for Hox genes neural cell adhesion molecule promoter activity is modulated by cotransfection with Hox-2.5 and -2.4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89 2086-2090. 

The conformation and orientation of adsorbed proteins has been examined with monoclonal antibodies that recognize a specific site in a protein of interest. Keselowsky et al. examined the conformation of Fn adsorbed to SAMs that carried methyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amine groups [79]. They used monoclonal antibodies that recognized the central cell-binding domain of Fn near the RGD motif. Different SAM functionalities differentially modulated the binding affinities of the monoclonal antibodies (OH > COOH = NH2 > CH3). The strength of cell adhesion to these... 

Keselowsky BG, Collard DM, Garcia AJ (2003) Surface chemistry modulates fibronectin conformation and directs integrin binding and specificity to control cell adhesion. J Biomed Mater Res 66A 247-259... 

Simoncini T, De Caterina R, Genazzani AR (1999) Selective estrogen receptor modulators different actions on vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in human endothelial cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 84 815-818... 

As stated earlier, activation of endothelial cells by pro-inflammatory stimuli leads to the expression of cell adhesion molecules and cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8. The expression and hence modulation of surface expressed adhesion molecules by e.g. targeted delivery of inhibitors of NFkB, can be measured using flow cytometric analysis or whole cell ELISA techniques. Cytokine production can be measured in the supernatant of cultured cells or in biological fluids. Furthermore, competitive or quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mRNA levels of cell adhesion molecules or cytokines, allows the transcriptional activity of the genes of interest to be estimated. 

Modulates physiological processes such as cell adhesion and migration, fibrinolysis, and coagulation... 

An important role of cell-surface sialic acids in the regulation of normal cellular-interaction may be assumed, because lectins are widespread in tissues that recognize /3-D-galactosyl residues, and thus may participate in cell adhesion.522-524 It is conceivable that variations in the sialylation of cell-surface, D-galactosyl residues modulate the strength of cellular binding. 

Many aspects of the social behavior of cells are determined by the composition, arrangement, and interaction of cell-surface molecules. Therefore, changes in the composition and structure of plasma membranes appear to contribute to differences in such characteristics as cell adhesion, contact inhibition, and tumorogenicity of cells. Cell-surface glycoproteins, in particular, participate in a number of membrane-modulated phenomena, including responsiveness to hormones, agglutination by lectins, recognition by antibodies, or uptake of nutri-... 

Aplin, A.E., Howe, A., Alahari, S.K., Jiiliano, R.L. (1998) Signal transduction and signal modulation by cell adhesion receptors the role of integrins, cadherins, immunoglobulin-cell adhesion molecules, and selectins. Pharmacol. Rev. 50, 197-263. 

Random polypeptides have traditionally been synthesized by copolymerization of amino acid NCAs. Methods for the synthesis and application of random copolymers have been extensively reviewed (e.g., ref1221), and thus only a single example is given here. A second class of random polypeptides includes organized polymeric assemblies that incorporate bioactive sequences and/or structures. Such polymers have been developed for modulation of protein-ligand interactions/231 protein adsorption to surfaces/241 and cell adhesion/25-281 Several examples for the synthesis of these polymeric assemblies are provided below. 

Perillo, N.L., M.E. Marcus, and L.G. Baum. 1998. Galectins versatile modulators of cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and cell death. J Mol Med 76 402. 

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