Carrot, Daucus

Carrot oil—The Hquid or the soHd portion of the mixture, or the mixture itself obtained by the hexane extraction of edible carrots (Daucus carota L.) with subsequent removal of the hexane by vacuum distillation. The resultant mixture of soHd and Hquid extractives consists chiefly of oils, fats, waxes, and carotenoids naturally occurring in carrots. 

Turker, N. et al., Effect of storage temperature on the stability of anthocyanins of a fermented black carrot Daucus carota var. L.) beverage shalgam, J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 3807, 2004. 

Heinonen, M.I., Carotenoids and provitamin A activity of carrot (Daucus carota L.) cultivars, J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 609,1990. 

Ahneida, L.B. and Penteado, M.V.C., Carotenoids with provitamin A activity of carrots Daucus carota L.) consumed in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Rev. Farm. Bioquim. Univ. S. Paulo, 23, 133, 1987. 

Kammerer, D., Carle, R., and Schieber, A., Detection of peonidin and pelargonidin glycosides in black carrots (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 17, 2407, 2003. 

Hiltunen, L.H. and White, J.G. (2002). Cavity spots of carrot (Daucus carotaf, Annals of Applied Biology, 141, 201-223. 

Sengun, I.Y. and Karapinar, M. (2004) Effectiveness of lemon juice, vinegar and their mixture in the elimination of Salmonella Typhimurium on carrots (Daucus carota L.) . International Journal of Food Microbiology, 96, 301-305. 

Carrots (Daucus carota) are excellent sources of (3-carotene and vitamin A, although they have been reported to exert low antioxidant activity compared to some other vegetables (Al-Saikhan and others 1995 Cao and others 1996 Ramarathnam and others 1997 Vinson and others 1998 Beom and others 1998). However, boiling carrots for 30 min significantly improved their antioxidant activity toward coupled oxidation of (3-carotene and linolenic acid (Gazzani and others 1998). 

Evers AM (1989) The role of fertilization practices in the yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.). J Agric Sci Finl 61 323-360... 

Harborne JB, Baxter H, Moss GP (1999) Phytochemical dictionary a handbook of bioactive compounds from plants, 2nd edn. Taylor Francis, London, pp 976 Hiltunen LH, White JG (2002) Cavity spots of carrot (Daucus carota). Ann Appl Biol 141 201-223... 

Field soil solarization was effective in dramatically reducing or completely eliminating the infection of Pythium spp. in carrot (Daucus carota L.) and strawberry roots (Becker and Wrona 1995 Pinkerton et al. 2002), as well as reduced inoculum levels of P. aphanidermatum in watermelon and potato down to 25-30 cm soil depth (Mansoori and Jaliani 1996 Triki et al. 2001). Summer soil solarization in greenhouse reduced Pythium root rot even in the temperate climate of Denmark (Christensen and Thinggaard 1999). 

M.S. Narayan and L.V. Venkataraman, Characterisation of anthocyanins derived from carrot (Daucus carota) cell culture. Food Chem. 70 (2000) 361-363. 

Wang et al. (1996) found that a 1 ppm solution of 1,4-dichlorobenzene was taken up by carrots Daucus car Ota, 49%), soybeans Glycine max, 50%), and red goosefoot Chenopodium rubrum, 62%), but not by tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum). Only the soybean cell cultures provided evidence of the existence of metabolites of this compound, probably conjugates of chlorophenol. The authors further observed that the uptake, metabolism, and toxicity of 1,4-dichlorobenzene differed among the species tested. 

DC028 Thuleau, P., A. Graziana, R. Ranjeva, and J. I. Schroeder. Solubilized proteins from carrot Daucus carota L.) membranes bind calcium channel blockers and form calcium-permeable ion channels. Proc Nat Acad Sci (USA) 1993 90 765-769. 

DC059 Majumder, P. K., and M. Gupta. Effect of the seed extract of carrot Daucus carota Linn.) on the growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor in mice. Phytoter Res 1998 12(8) 584-585. 

Bishayee, A., A. Sarkar, and M. Ghaterjee. Hepatoprotective activity of carrot (Daucus carota L.) against carbon tetrachloride intoxication in mouse liver. J Ethnopharmacol 1995 47(2) 69-74. 

Majumder, P. K., S. Dasgupta, R. K. Mukhopadhaya, U. K. Mazumdar, and M. Gupta. Anti-steroidogenic activity of the petroleum ether extract and fraction 5 (fatty acids) of carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds in mouse ovary. J Ethnopharmacol 1997 57(3) 209-212. 

Balasubramaniam, P., L. Pari, and V. P. Menon. Protective effect of carrot (Daucus carota L.) against lindane-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Phyto-ther Res 1998 12(6) 434-436. Markovic, O. Pectinusterase from carrot (Daucus carota). Experientia... 

Kilibarda, V., R. Ivanic, K. Savin, and M. Miric. Fatty oil from the fruit of wild (Daucus carota L. ssp. caroto) and cultivated carrot (Daucus carota L. ssp. sativa (Hoffm.) Arcang.). Pharmazie 1989 44(2) 166-167. 

Buishand, J. G., and W. H. Gabelman. Investigation on the inheritance of root color and carotenoid content in carrot, Daucus carota. Diss Abstr Int B 1978 39 2656. 

Ivie, G. W., R. C. Beier, and D. L. Holt. Analysis of the garden carrot (Daucus carota L.) for linear furo-coumarins (psoralens) at the sub parts per million level. J Agr Food Chem 1982 30(3) 413-416. 

Ramstorpa, M., P. Carlsson, D. Bratthall, and B. Mattiasson. Isolation and partial characterization of a substance from carrots, Daucus carota with ability to agglutinate cells of StreptO coccus mutants. Caries Res 1982 16 423-427. 

Stevens, B. ]. H., and R. R. Selven-dran. Structural features of cell-wall polysaccharides of the carrot Daucus carota. Carbohydr Res 1984 128(2) 321-333. 

The estrogenic efficacy of carrot (Daucus carrota) seeds. J Adv Zool DC226 1986 7(1) 36-41. 

Estrogenic and pregnancy interceptory effects of carrot, Daucus carota seeds. 

Suvarnalatha, G.., Rajendran, L., and Ravishankar, G.A., Elicitation of anthocyanin production in cell cultures of carrot (Daucus carrota L.) by using elicitors and abiotic stress, Biotechnol Lett., 16, 1275, 1994. 

The root of carrot Daucus carota) is eaten raw or cooked. The characteristic aroma and flavour of carrots are mainly due to volatile compounds, although non-volatile polyacetylenes and isocoumarins contribute significantly to the bitterness of carrots [1,2]. More than 90 volatile compounds have been identified from carrots (Table 7.9) [207-215]. The carrot volatiles consist mainly of terpenoids in terms of numbers and amounts and include monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and irregular terpenes. Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes account... 

Key flavour compounds Carrot Daucus carota) Celery and celeriac Apium graveolens) Parsnip Pastinaca sativa) Parsley Petroselinum crispum)... 

Fogelberg, F. 1999. Night-time soil cultivation and intra-row brush weeding for weed control in carrots (Daucus carota L.). Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 17(1) 31-45. 

Kuhnl, T., Koch, U., Heller, W., and Wellmann, E., 1987, Chlorogenic acid biosynthesis characterization of a light induced microsomal 5-0-(4-coumaroyl)-D-quinate/shikimate 3 -hydroxylase from carrot (Daucus carota L.) cell suspension cultures, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 258 226-232. 

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