Chenopodium rubrum

Strack, D. et al., Feruloylbetanin from petals of Lampranthus and femloylamaranthin from cell suspension cultures of Chenopodium rubrum, Phytochemistry 27, 3529, 1988. 

Wang et al. (1996) found that a 1 ppm solution of 1,4-dichlorobenzene was taken up by carrots Daucus car Ota, 49%), soybeans Glycine max, 50%), and red goosefoot Chenopodium rubrum, 62%), but not by tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum). Only the soybean cell cultures provided evidence of the existence of metabolites of this compound, probably conjugates of chlorophenol. The authors further observed that the uptake, metabolism, and toxicity of 1,4-dichlorobenzene differed among the species tested. 

Schwenger-Erger, C., J. Thiemann, W. Barz, U. Johanningmeier, and D. Naber (1993). Metribuzin resistance in photoautotrophic Chenopodium rubrum cell cultures. FEBS Lett., 329 43-46. 

Hatzfeldt, W. D., and Stitt, M. 1990. A study on the rate of recycling of triose phosphates in heterotrophic Chenopodium rubrum cells, potato tubers, and maize endosperm. Planta 180, 198-204. 

Bokern, M., Heuer, S. and Strack, D. (1992) Hydroxycinnamic acid transferases in the biosynthesis of acylated betacyanins purification and characterization from cell cultures of Chenopodium rubrum and occurrence in some other members of the Caryophyllales. Bot. Acta, 105, 146-51. 

Betalains Cell cultures of Chenopodium rubrum Berlin el al. (1986)... 

Berlin, J., Sieg, S., Strack, D., Bokem, M., and Harms, H. 1986. Production of betalaines by suspension cultures of Chenopodium rubrum L. Plant Cell Tissue Organ. Cult. 5, 163-174. 

Other cytokinin-regulated genes include an invertase and a glucose transporter in Chenopodium rubrum. Cytokinin is known to influence sink-source relations, and cDNAs representing cytokinin induced genes appear to encode activities that may be involved in apoplastic sink-source relations. One is an extracellular isoform of invertase (Cinl), the... 

PFEIFFER, W., HOFTBERGER, M., Oxidative burst in Chenopodium rubrum suspension cells Induction by auxin and osmotic changes. Physiol. Plantarum, 2001, 111, 144-150. 

Meyer W, Jvingnickel H, Jandke M, Dettner K, Spitellffl- G (1998) On the cjdotoxity of oxidized phytosterols isolated from photoautotrophic cell cultures of Chenopodium rubrum tested on meal-worms Tenebrio molitor. Phytochtanistry 47(5) 789-797... 

ABA enhances both the uptake and metabolism of GA in barley half-seeds (Nadeau et al. 1972) with the enhancement of metabolism apparently resulting from enhanced uptake (Stolp et al. 1973). In leaves of potato Solarium andi-gena) ABA causes as much as a 100-fold increase in GA activity (Railton and Wareing 1973 a), while in Solarium tuberosum, sprouts from ethylene-treated tubers contain high levels of GA (Dimalla and Van Staden 1977). In maize shoots ABA causes a reduction in GA (Wareing etal. 1968) while )ff-inhibitor preparations exert a similar effect in apices of birch (Thomas et al. 1965). Auxin causes an increase in the GA content of Chenopodium rubrum (Teltscherova 1970), an effect which may be related to flowering. 

The growth retardant CCC increases cytokinins in the bleeding sap of grape (Skene 1970). Skene has interpreted this as an indication that CCC acts directly on the root meristem to increase cytokinin production. However, since the effect of CCC is counteracted by GA, it is possible that the enhancement of cytokinin production by CCC is mediated by a CCC-induced reduction in GA. This indicates that GA may act to suppress cytokinin production in roots (Woolley and Wareing 1972 a), a possibility supported by Teltscherova (1970) who noted that CCC causes an increase in the cytokinin content of apical buds of Chenopodium rubrum and that GA can overcome this effect. lAA also reduces cytokinins in buds of Chenopodium, indicating that both GA and lAA may be involved in the regulation of cytokinin production in this material. 

Sinee eytokinins enhance GA levels and since GA appears to suppress cytokinin levels, the possibility of GA-mediated feedback inhibition of cytokinin production must be recognized. Also, the evidence that lAA can increase GA levels in apical buds of Chenopodium rubrum (Teltscherova 1970) indicates that the suppressing effect of lAA on cytokinin content may be a secondary effect mediated by GA. 

Teltscherova L (1970) Changes in the level of endogenous cytokinins in apical buds of Chenopodium rubrum L. Biol Plant 12 134-138 Thimann KV (1936) Auxins and the growth of roots. Am J Bot 23 561-599 Thimann KV (1937) On the nature of inhibitions caused by auxin. Am J Bot 24 407-412 Thimann KV, Beth K (1959) Action of auxins on Acetabularia and the effect of enucleation. Nature 183 946-948... 

---