Daucus carota

Carrot oil—The Hquid or the soHd portion of the mixture, or the mixture itself obtained by the hexane extraction of edible carrots (Daucus carota L.) with subsequent removal of the hexane by vacuum distillation. The resultant mixture of soHd and Hquid extractives consists chiefly of oils, fats, waxes, and carotenoids naturally occurring in carrots. 

Daucus carota Couette viscometer laminar regrowth mitochondrial activity membrane integrity cell lysis (cell number) non-growth (sterile) [57, 69]... 

Fig. 8. Sustained damage in Daucus carota suspensions, as a function of total energy expended, under laminar flow conditions in a Couette viscometer. Redrawn from Dunlop et al. (1994) Effect of fluid shear forces on plant cell suspensions. Chem Eng Sci 49 2263 - 2276, with permission of Elsevier Science...

Turker, N. et al., Effect of storage temperature on the stability of anthocyanins of a fermented black carrot Daucus carota var. L.) beverage shalgam, J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 3807, 2004. 

Heinonen, M.I., Carotenoids and provitamin A activity of carrot (Daucus carota L.) cultivars, J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 609,1990. 

Ahneida, L.B. and Penteado, M.V.C., Carotenoids with provitamin A activity of carrots Daucus carota L.) consumed in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Rev. Farm. Bioquim. Univ. S. Paulo, 23, 133, 1987. 

Kammerer, D., Carle, R., and Schieber, A., Detection of peonidin and pelargonidin glycosides in black carrots (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 17, 2407, 2003. 

Hampel, D., Mosandl, A., and Wust, M., Biosynthesis of mono- and sesquiterpenes in carrot roots and leaves (Daucus carota L.) metabolic cross talk of cytosolic mevalonate and plastidial methylerythritol phosphate pathways, Phytochemistry 66, 305, 2005. 

Umbelliferae/Apiaceae Daucus carota (carrot) Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) Petroselinum crispum (parsley)... 

Sengun, I.Y. and Karapinar, M. (2004) Effectiveness of lemon juice, vinegar and their mixture in the elimination of Salmonella Typhimurium on carrots (Daucus carota L.) . International Journal of Food Microbiology, 96, 301-305. 

Isoform ofhGAD (hGAD65) CaMV 35S promoter/ nos terminator GAD67i-87(rat)/hGAD65s8-58s Fusion Expression mediated by potato virus X infection N. tabacum (leaves) Daucus carota (tap root) N. tabacum (leaves) N. benthamiana (leaves) 0.01-0.04% ofTSP 0.01% ofTSP 0.04% ofTSP 0.19% ofTSP 2.2% ofTSP 39 40... 

Carrots (Daucus carota) are excellent sources of (3-carotene and vitamin A, although they have been reported to exert low antioxidant activity compared to some other vegetables (Al-Saikhan and others 1995 Cao and others 1996 Ramarathnam and others 1997 Vinson and others 1998 Beom and others 1998). However, boiling carrots for 30 min significantly improved their antioxidant activity toward coupled oxidation of (3-carotene and linolenic acid (Gazzani and others 1998). 

In recent years, extensive attention has been focused on finding cultured plant cells that can be used as catalysts for organic functional group transformations. A number of transformations employing freely suspended or immobilized plant cell cultures have been reported.24 For example, Akakabe et al.25 report that immobilized cells of Daucus carota from carrot can be used to reduce prochiral carbonyl substrates such as keto esters, aromatic ketones, and heterocyclic ketones to the corresponding secondary alcohols in ( -configuration with enantiomeric excess of 52-99% and chemical yields of 30 63%). 

Evers AM (1989) The role of fertilization practices in the yield and quality of carrot (Daucus carota L.). J Agric Sci Finl 61 323-360... 

Harborne JB, Baxter H, Moss GP (1999) Phytochemical dictionary a handbook of bioactive compounds from plants, 2nd edn. Taylor Francis, London, pp 976 Hiltunen LH, White JG (2002) Cavity spots of carrot (Daucus carota). Ann Appl Biol 141 201-223... 

Field soil solarization was effective in dramatically reducing or completely eliminating the infection of Pythium spp. in carrot (Daucus carota L.) and strawberry roots (Becker and Wrona 1995 Pinkerton et al. 2002), as well as reduced inoculum levels of P. aphanidermatum in watermelon and potato down to 25-30 cm soil depth (Mansoori and Jaliani 1996 Triki et al. 2001). Summer soil solarization in greenhouse reduced Pythium root rot even in the temperate climate of Denmark (Christensen and Thinggaard 1999). 

M.S. Narayan and L.V. Venkataraman, Characterisation of anthocyanins derived from carrot (Daucus carota) cell culture. Food Chem. 70 (2000) 361-363. 

F. Sorm und L. Urbanek (123) dehydrierten den zuerst von Y. Asa-hina und T. Tsukamoto (9) aus dem atherischen Ol von Daucus carota gewonnenen Sesquiterpenalkohol Carotol, der wohl mit dem Daucol von Richter (115) aus dem gleichen Ol identisch ist, mittels Palladiumkohle zu einem Azulen, das kein Trinitrobenzolat bildete. Daneben entstand 1, 7-Dimethyl-4-isopropyl-naphthalin. 

The cicutoxin-like compounds are known for their extreme and violent toxicity. There are other plant species that contain these polyacetylene type compounds, however none are as toxic as cicutoxin and oenanthotoxin. These species all come from the Umbelliferae family and include Falcaria vulgaris, Slum sisarum, Carum carvi, Aegopodium podagraria and Daucus carota. Daucus carota is the common carrot and it contains a similar cicutoxin-like compound, caratotoxin, but is less toxic (LD50 = 100 mg/kg i.v. in mice) than cicutoxin. Caratotoxin is found in minute amounts in carrots and is not considered a health concern for humans (Crosby and Aharonson, 1967). 

Leclerc (1989). Cinetiques de mineralisation de I azote des fertilisants organiques et teneurs en nitrates chez Lactuva Sativa et Daucus Carota. INPL Toulouse, 265. 

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