Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix composites

Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites UD carbon fiber-epoxy matrix ... 

Ostertag and Haug [194] also used filament winding to prepare carbon fiber reinforced SiC matrix composites using Si polymers as matrix precursors, which were pyrolyzed to form a SiC matrix. 

In the fabrication process of three dimensional carbon fiber reinforced SiC matrix composite, Suzuki and Nakano [207] applied PCVI as the final densification process for the specimen, which was made by the joint process of slurry infiltration and organosilicon polymer pyrolysis. The open porosity and bulk density of the specimen changed from 5.3% and 2.63 g-cm (relative density of 94%) to 3.5% and 2.67 g cm (relative density of 95%) by the apphcation of PCVI (1173 1223K, total 90,000 pulses). The flexural strength of the specimen increased over 20% (mean value =153 MPa, maximum value = 174 MPa). 

Ziegler et al [249] prepared carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites by infiltration of fiber preforms using the polymer infiltration pyrolysis (PIP) technique. 

Dong et al proposed a facile route to fabricate carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (Cf/SiC-BN) by an active-filler-controlled polymer pyrolysis (AFCOP) process. In the proposed process, boron was introduced into the carbon fibers as active filler to form some boron-bearing species by in-situ reactions during the subsequent heat-treatment process. The composites were prepared by PIP using PCS as the polymer precursor. XRD patterns of the obtained composites confirmed the presence of H-BN. With the presence of BN, the oxidation of the composites was greatly improved. The weight losses of Cf/SiC and Cf/SiC-BN after being oxidized at 800°C for lOh were 36% and -16% respectively and most of the carbon fibers in... 

Carbon nanotubes can be used in reinforcing polymer matrix composites in two ways a) as the sole reinforcing phase (CNTRP), or b) as an additional reinforcing phase in conjunction with carbon fibers (CF+CNT) in a hybrid composite. Carbon nanotubes reinforced plastics (CNTRP) can be prepared by several methods, as described in section 15.1.3. Both CFRP and CNTRP composite structures can be joined using structural adhesives but machining and drilling are difficult as a result of the widely different properties of their constituents. 

SiC- Sic and SiC-C (Continuous Fiber-Reinforced SiC Matrix Composites) Three different processes are commonly used to manufacture carbon fiber-reinforced SiC materials (i) chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) [340] (ii) liquid polymer infiltration (LPI also termed polymer infiltration and pyrolysis, PIP) [341]) and (iii) melt infiltration or liquid silicon infiltration (MI/LSI) [342]. 

Ultrapure silica or quartz fibers are used in fabrics, yams, rovings and threads. Fabrics are used to reinforce radomes, antenna windows for missiles, high temperature circuit boards, and rocket nose cones. Braided yarns provide high temperature electrical insulation, e.g., for coaxial cables, thermocouple wires, and space separators. Rovings are used to reinforce polymer matrix composites for ablative and electrical uses, as well as high performance sporting goods, e.g., tennis racquets and skis, especially when hybridized with carbon fibers. Threads are used to stitch cable tray insulation for nuclear power plants. 

In a carbon fiber reinforced polymer, the polymer matrix is heated more quickly in the microwave field than the fiber. This is the reason why accumulation of resin or resin-rich volumes should be avoided when designing a component to be processed in microwave heating, since these areas cause heating momentum that can damage the component. Due to the possible leakage of the microwave system, safety measures need to be taken while processing composite components. Furthermore, due to the risk of... 

Yanhong Hu is engaged in the research of polymer design and synthesis, especially for the resins and their carbon fibers reinforced composites with high properties, such as interface modification of fiber reinforced resin matrix composites. She is also familiar with the analyses and characterization of polymers and chemicals. She has published articles in more than 30 journals in recent years as well as authoring 4 patents. 

FIGURE 13.12 Composite coefficient of friction for polyester-based matrix material. Symbol legend Glass fiber-reinforced polymer O-parallel, A-antiparallel, Steel-reinforced polymer -parallel, A-antiparallel, H-normal, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer -parallel, A-antiparallel, B-normal. (Reprinted from Friction and Wear of Polymer Composites, Composite Materials Series, Friedrich, K., ed., 1, T. Tsnkizoe and N. Ohmae, pp. 212-220, Elsevier, New York, 1986, with permission from Elsevier.)... 

Applied Sciences, Inc. has, in the past few years, used the fixed catalyst fiber to fabricate and analyze VGCF-reinforced composites which could be candidate materials for thermal management substrates in high density, high power electronic devices and space power system radiator fins and high performance applications such as plasma facing components in experimental nuclear fusion reactors. These composites include carbon/carbon (CC) composites, polymer matrix composites, and metal matrix composites (MMC). Measurements have been made of thermal conductivity, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), tensile strength, and tensile modulus. Representative results are described below. 

In general, polymers have low stiffness and strength in comparison with other materials, e.g., metals and ceramics, and consequently these materials present serious difficulties in structural applications. To improve their mechanical properties, polymers are reinforced by the addition of rigid particles or fibers to form composite materials (1). Thus, polymer matrix composite materials are made up of a low modulus phase, the polymer matrix, and a high modulus phase, the reinforcement, which is usually carbon or glass. The modulus of the composite is higher than that of the polymer matrix, and the increment is proportional to the volume fraction of the reinforcement. In general, the properties of the composite depend not... 

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