Silicone liquids

Silicone industry, history of, 22 547—548 Silicone latex sealants, 22 34—35 Silicone liquid-injection-molded (LIM) rubber... 

ALKYLHALOSILANES, ALKYLSILANES HALOSILANES, ORGANOSILYL PERCHLORATES SILANES, SILICONE GREASE, SILICONE LIQUID, SILICONE OIL SILYLHYDRAZINES, TRIALKYLSILYLOXY ORGANOLEAD DERIVATIVES... 

See Bromine trifluoride Silicone grease SILICONE LIQUID... 

Silicone liquid, Unstated salt See SILICONE LIQUID Silica, etc. 

SILICONE GREASE SILICONE LIQUID SILICONE OIL SILYLHYDRAZINES... 

The reader should note that there are many commercial variations of silicone liquid phases available. In compiling properties such as those listed in this table, one must strike a balance between general usefulness and simply providing information that is contained in vendor catalogs, promotional brochures, and websites. In that context, this table is meant to serve as a starting point for the design of an analysis. 

Methyl(chloromethyl)dichlorosilane is used to obtain silicone liquids, elastomers and polymers for varnishes, as well as monomers with various carbofunctional groups at the silicon atom. 

Phenyl(chloromethyl)dichlorosilanes and methyl(chlorophenyl)-dichlorosilanes are colourless, transparent, motile liquids, which fume in air. Like all organochlorosilanes, they are easily hydrolysed with water and humidity in air and dissolve well in organic solvents. Phenyl(chloromethyl)- and methyl(chlorophenyl)dichlorosilanes are raw stock for preparing various silicone liquids, elastomers, and polymers for varnishes. 

At present polyorganosiloxanes are manufactured in the form of 1) oligomers with linear or cyclic chains (silicone liquids) 2) polymers with linear chains (silicone elastomers) 3) polymers with cyclolinear, ladder and branched chains. 

Raw stock a) sealants are produced from elastomers SKTN, SKTN-A, SKTN-B, SKTN-C, or SKTNPh-50, titanium white TS (or zinc white M-l or M-2), iron oxide (Redoxide), silicone liquid GKZh-94 b) compounds are produced from elastomers SKTN, SKTN-A or SKTN-B, arbon white U-333, zinc or titanium white, pigment. 

The most essential and specific property of silicone liquids is their small change of viscosity in a wide range of temperatures. E.g., the increase of viscosity with the reduction of temperature for oligomethylsiloxanes is approximately 50 times less than for mineral oils ... 

As a rule, silicone liquids do not dissolve in water and in low-molecular aliphatic alcohols however, they dissolve well in many aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons. These liquids are not affected by diluted acids and alkali and interact only with concentrated acids and alkali. They bum much less energetically than hydrocarbon oils and most organic liquids the products of their complete combustion are carbon dioxide, water vapour and silicon dioxide (in the form of very thin powder). 

Waterproofing liquids Protecting various materials and articles from the destructive influence of water seems one of the most important uses for silicone liquids however, waterproofing should be achieved with liquids which do not impair other characteristics of the material. 

The addition of 0.02% of an aqueous emulsion of silicone liquid into sand fibre slate reduces its water absorption by two and noticeably increases its cold resistance. Silicone liquids can be also put on finished constructions in the form of a 5% aqueous solution, which penetrates to the depth of 3-6 mm and after drying forms a durable waterproof surface for 5-10 years. This treatment can be used on various works of art, famous architectural buildings, etc. Plastered facades can also be waterproofed with good results. Treated plaster does not absorb rain drops on the other hand, common plaster completely absorbs all rain drops after 30 seconds. 

A runway treated with GKZh will never be covered with ice. Water slides like mercury off its surface. Covering windshields of airplanes and automobiles with a thin layer of silicone liquid or varnish prevents ice and mist formation. Silicone compositions are used to cover lenses and optical glass to improve light permeability and resistance to atmospheric effects. Oligomethylsiloxanes are used for the outer covering of glass fluorescent lamps to keep dust off the surface. 

Silicone liquids protect parts of various sensitive equipment and devices (electrical and radiotelephone equipment), field equipment, etc. from water. 

Water sharply decreases the durability of paper and can destroy it altogether. This is how valuable manuscripts, books, papers, drawings are sometimes lost. If manuscript pages or a drawing are impregnated with silicone liquids, the image will not be erasable either with an eraser or with water. After waterproofing, even filter paper does not absorb water or aqueous solutions. 

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